روزنامه گسترش صنعت شماره 82

‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2055‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪82‬‬ ‫‪http://telegram.me/sanatnewspaper‬‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻫﻤﺴﻮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺑﻰﮔﺮﻯ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻭﻗﻔﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺭﻭﺑﺮﻭ ﻭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻛﻔﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦﺣﺎﻝ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩﻯ ﻣﻬﻴﺎ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ ﻫﺎﺷــﻤﻰﻃﺒﺎء‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﺍﻛﺘﻔﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩ ﺷﻜﻞ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻰﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ؛‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻐﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 8‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 14‬ﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ‪1396‬‬ ‫‪ 5‬ﺭﺟﺐ ‪1438‬‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﺁﻭﺭﻳﻞ ‪2017‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮﺑﺎ»ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ«ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﺍﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﻭﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪96‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﻛﺎﻭﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍﻝﮔﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺑﺎﻗﺮ ﺻﺪﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩﺍﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺳﺘﻰ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺧﻄﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ‪ 10‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭﻯ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷــﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ‪ 8‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺭﻫﺒﺮ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺑﻪ ‪ 80‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻳﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 83‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 91‬ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳــﺦ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻰﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ‬ ‫‪700‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫــﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ‪9‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒــﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ‪ 90‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﺑﺸــﻜﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1286‬ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 1383‬ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺑﺸــﻜﻪﺍﻯ ‪ 170‬ﺩﻻﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺭﺳﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﺨﻴﺰ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻯ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻧــﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺘﺎﺳــﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﻪﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﺸــﺪ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷــﺮﻭﻉ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 91‬ﺧﺰﺍﻧــﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﺑــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺖ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻛﺮﺩ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﭘﺲﻟﺮﺯﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺷــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻥ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫــﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻧﺎﺷــﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﭘﺲﻟﺮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻮءﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻨﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺁﺳﻴﺐﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺠــﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘــﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻼﻧﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺎﺩﮔﺎﺭ ﮔﺬﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫــﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻴﻮﻩﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻫــﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍﻝ ﭘﻴﺸــﺮﻭﻯ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻛﻤﺮﻧﮓ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺧﺰﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﻭ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻜﻮﻙ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﺍﺭﻕ ﺧﺰﺍﻧﻪ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔــﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﭘﻮﻝ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻗﻢ ﺍﺷﻜﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳــﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧــﺮﺥ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻫــﺎ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻜﻮﻙ ﻣﺎﻟﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻓﻘﻪ ﺷــﻴﻌﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻡ ﺻﻜﻮﻙ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺷــﻜﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻋﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﻳﺎﺳﺖ ﺁﻳﺖﺍﷲ ﻣﻬﺪﻭﻯﻛﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﻓﻘﻬﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻓﻘﻪ ﺷﻴﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﺭﻍ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻭﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺷــﻴﻮﻩﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻭ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻼﺵ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫﺎ ﺭﻫﺎ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻣﺸــﺨﺼﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﻴﻮﻩ ﺣﺠــﻢ ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﻰ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﻁ ﻭ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺁﺳــﻴﺐﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻤــﺎﻡ ﺣﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻂ ﻣﺸــﻰ ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍﻝ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺎﻧــﻪﺭﻭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺷــﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧــﺖ ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫﺎ ﺗﻬﺎﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ﺭﻫﺎ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭﻟﻰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺎﺗﺮ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻳــﻚ ﺣﻜﻢ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺩﺍﺩ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺻــﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻬﺎﺗﺮ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺗــﻰ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷــﻌﺎﻉ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺎﺗــﺮ ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘــﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﺎﺗــﺮ ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺘــﻰ ﺑــﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻴﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺟﻴﺐ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺑــﻊ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﻳﺠــﺎﺩ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺎﺗــﺮ ﺩﻭﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﻳﻚ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﺴــﺎﺑﺪﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ ﺗﺴﻮﻳﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﺎﺗﺮ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺗﻬﺎﺗﺮ ﭼﻨﺪﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺎﺗــﺮ ﭼﻨﺪﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﻪ ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴــﻦ ﺷــﻴﻮﻩﺍﻯ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺠــﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺷــﺪ ﭼﻮﻥ ﻫﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻬﺎﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺧﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﭘﮋﻭ‪ 2008‬ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺭﻭﺯ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺳــﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻭﻍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ‬ ‫ﺳــﻴﺰﺩﻩ ﻳﻚ ﮔــﺮﻭﻩ ﺗﻠﮕﺮﺍﻣﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺒﺮ ﺭﺳــﻤﻰ ﻣﻨﺘﺸــﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‬ ‫»ﭘﮋﻭ‪ 2008‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪70‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺷــﺪ‪ «.‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺒــﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺻﺤﺖ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺧــﻂ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺯﮔﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﭘﮋﻭ‪ 2008‬ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺭﻗﻢ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻭﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺿــﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥﺧــﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻫﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺰﮔﻮﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻮﻃﻨﺎﻥ ﻋﺰﻳﺰ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝﺑﻪﺛﻤﺮﻧﺸﺴﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻻﻳﻪ ﭘﻨﻬﺎﻥ ﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺭﺳــﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻨﻔﺲ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷــﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﺟﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺑــﺎﺭﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺮﻙ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺟﻠﻮ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺮﻙ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻠﻮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺑﺴﺘﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣــﺪﻩ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻣــﭗ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩﻯ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺁﺷــﻔﺘﻪ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷــﺪ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪95‬‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﻴــﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 12‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻮﺯ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪ 60‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺑﻪ ﺛﻤﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪96‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺳــﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻛﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺳــﺖﻭﭘﺎﮔﻴﺮ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻠﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﭼﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣــﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻧﻔﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﺎﺯ ﻭ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷــﻴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪ 1000 :‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪www.sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻛﺮﺩﻳــﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻫﺒﺮ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺳــﺎﻝ» ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ؛‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ« ﻧﺎﻣﮕﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍﻝﮔﺮﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ‪40‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ‪95‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺭﺧﺸﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 14‬ﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ‪ 5 1396‬ﺭﺟﺐ ‪1438‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﺁﻭﺭﻳﻞ ‪ 2017‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 82‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2055‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻻﻳﻪ ﭘﻨﻬﺎﻥ ﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟــﻰ ﺁﻏــﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻳــﻢ ﻛــﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﺑﻴــﺎﻥ ﺭﻫﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺳــﺎﻝ» ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ؛ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ«‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﮕﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑــﺮ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﺷﺎﻳﮕﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﮕﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺿﻌــﻒ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘــﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫــﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺸــﺎﺭ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪﻛﺎﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺰﺍﺭ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﮔﺮﻳﺰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻫﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﻧﺎﮔﺰﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻦ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﻣﺘﻌﻬﺪ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺨﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﭙﻮﺷﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻣــﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻻﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﻨﻬﺎﻥ ﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺿﺎﻣﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ؟ ﺁﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ‪ 16‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻧﻜﺮﺩ؟ ﺍﻣﺎ ﭼﺮﺍ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻌﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﺯﺧﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﺷﺪ؟ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﻳﻢ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ؛ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩﻫﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦﺗﺮ ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺗﻮﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﻬﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩ ﭘﺮﭘﻴﭻ ﻭ ﺧﻢ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻧﺎﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺩﻭﻗﻄﺒﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻫﻢ ﭘﺎﺭﻭ ﻣﻰﺯﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺳــﻜﺎﻥﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺳﻌﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﭘﺎﺭﻭ ﺑﺰﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺍﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﭘﺎﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺯﺩﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻫــﺎ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ؛ ﺗﻘﻼﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺳــﺮﺩﺭﮔﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﻴﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺎﻳﻖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺳﻜﺎﻥﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﺎﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺯﺩﻥ ﺑــﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺷــﺎﻩﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺷــﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺭﻫﺒﺮ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺎﻡ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ‪ 5‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮ ﻭ ‪ 10‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﻍﺍﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﻨﺸﺎ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺻﺤﻪ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺵ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﭘﻴﺸــﺮﻓﺖ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﻨﺰﻝ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﺺﮔﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﺘﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺼﻮﻟﺘﻰ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴــﺮ ﻭﺿﻌﻴــﺖ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻧﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺻﺪ ﺩﺭﺻــﺪ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻧﺖ ﻭ ﻓﺴــﺎﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻤﺖ ﻫﺮﺱ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺷــﺎﺥ ﻭ ﺑــﺮگ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻛﻮﭼﻚﺳــﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﭘﻮﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﺨﺸــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺳــﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﻴﻠﻰ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔــﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺧﺘــﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﻧﺎﻭﺍﻟﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻧﮓ ﻭ ﻟﻌﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺑﻰﮔﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﻧﺰﻧﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺁﺳﻴﺎﻳﻰﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﭘﺮﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺲ ﻛﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺑﻜﺮ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﭘﻴﺶﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺁﺳﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺮﻧﺎ ﻧﺸــﺮﻳﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﺸــﺎﺭ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺷﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻐﻮ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳــﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻪﺍﻯ ﻧﻮﺷﺖ‪ :‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﺮﺑﻰ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﺍﻣﻀﺎ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺲ ﻧﻮﺷﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻛﻤﭙﺎﻧﻰﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﭘﮋﻭ ﻭ ﺭﻧﻮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺷــﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﻮﻳﺘﻰ ﻧﻮﺷﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﭘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺍﺷــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴــﻰ ﻋﻼﻗﻪﻣﻨﺪﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻫﻤــﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻀﺎ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺲ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻣﻴﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻮﺷــﺖ‪ :‬ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺎﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﭙﺎﻧﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺿﺮﺭ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ‪ 80‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺮﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺲ ﻧﻮﺷﺖ‪ :‬ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻳﻰﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺯﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻤﭙﺎﻧﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﻧﺎﻟﺪﺗﺮﺍﻣﭗ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻁ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﺭگ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 5‬ﺗﺎ ‪10‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺳﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ،96‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺛﻤﺮ ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻦ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﻣﺤﻤﺪﺣﺴﻦ ﺳﻴﺪﺯﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫‪industry@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻــﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺭﺳــﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻨﻔﺲ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻣﺤﺮﻙ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻠﻮ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻮﺗــﻮﺭ ﻣﺤــﺮﻙ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻠــﻮ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪95‬‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﺧﻮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠــﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺶﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪﻥ ﺗﺮﺍﻣﭗ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩﻯ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺁﺷﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﻛﻨﺪ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪12‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﻣﺠﻮﺯ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺷــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﺣــﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 60‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺑﻪ ﺛﻤﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪ 96‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺳـﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﻨــﺪ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺎﺭﺟــﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻗﻼﻧﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺁﻣﺎﺩﮔـﻰ ﻣﺠﻠـﺲ ﺑـﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺻـﻼﺡ ﻣﻮﺍﻧـﻊ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻀــﻮ ﻛﻤﻴﺴــﻴﻮﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑــﻊ ﺟﺬﺏﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﻔﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ‬ ‫‪3‬ﻗﻮﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺳــﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﮔﻰ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺗــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻭ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻰ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭘﻴﺸــﻨﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﻮﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺧﻮﺷــﺒﺨﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪﻭﺍﺳﻄﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻗﻮﺍﻯ ﺩﻓﺎﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺭﻭﺣﻴــﻪ ﺍﻳﺜﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺴــﻠﺢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺳــﻬﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﺳــﻠﻴﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀﻮ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔــﻮ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷــﻴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 5‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 10‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺗﻮﺗﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻭﺟﻮﺩﺁﻧﻜﻪ ‪ 2‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﻛــﺮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺩﺍﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸــﺮﻭﻁ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻗﻄﻊ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷــﻴﻤﻰ ﻭ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺳﻮﺩﺁﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴــﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑــﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻨــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻇﻬــﺎﺭ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻙ ﮔﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﺮﻓــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﻓــﻊ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺗﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺑﺎ ﻟﻐﻮ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻭﻛﺶ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺶﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻝﺗﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺳــﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻫﻤــﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﺶﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺧــﺎﺭﺝ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧــﻞ ﻣﺎﻧــﻊ ﺟــﺬﺏ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﺩﺳﺖﻭﭘﺎﮔﻴﺮ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻠﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﭼــﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣــﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻧﻔــﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﺎﺯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷــﻴﻤﻰ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﻣﻘﺪﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘــﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑــﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻧﻜــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﺍﺯﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﻌــﺪﺩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﺷــﺒﺎﻉ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩﺍﻳﻢ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺸﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ ﺑﻴﺎﻭﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ‪ 800‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪96‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺗﺤﻘـﻖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺸـﻢ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﻣﻘﺪﺳــﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀﻮ ﻛﻤﻴﺴــﻴﻮﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻰ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪96‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺸﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺵ ﻛــﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻭﺟﻮﺩﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻣﻠﻰ ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺸﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻬﻮﺩﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴــﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﺎﻧﻜــﻰ ﻭ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻴــﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 5‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﻮﻥ ﻧﻔــﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ‪800‬‬ ‫ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﻫﻤﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 15‬ﺩﺭﺻــﺪ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺭﻭﺯﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ‪ 15‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﺭﺍﺋــﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﺑﺴــﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪ 20‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺳﻮﺩ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﭻ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺳﭙﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑـﺎ ﺗﺪﺑﻴـﺮ ﻧﺒﺎﻳـﺪ ﺑﻬﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺖ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺳــﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺗﻨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻋﺮﺑﺴﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻳــﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻤﺖ ﺗﻨﺶ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﺒﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺑﺎﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺑﺘﻜﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻬﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﻨﺪﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﻴــﺎ ﻧﺪﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑــﺎ ﻋﻘﻼﻧﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍﻝ ﻭ ﺳــﺨﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺠﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻨﺶﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺒﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺮﺍﻣﭗ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻘﻼﻧﻴﺖ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻨﺶﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﮔﻔﺘﻪﺷﺪﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺳﭙﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺟﺬﺍﺑﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻛﺎﺭﻭﻧﻰ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺷﺒﺎﻉ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻬــﻰ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻳﻚ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻀــﻮ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 10‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷــﺎﺧﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻣﺎﺷــﻴﻦﺁﻻﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﻭﺯﺭﺳــﺎﻧﻰ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﺴــﺎﺟﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺣﺮﻓﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭﺭﺷﻜﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻟﺒﻨﻰ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪﻯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻳﻜﺴــﺎﻥ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻧﺤﻮﻯﻛﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺭﺍ ﭘﺎﻙ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﭻﻛﺲ ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ ﭼﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻟﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺭﻏﺒﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴــﺖ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﻣﺴــﺘﻠﺰﻡ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺴــﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﻭﺯﺭﺳــﺎﻧﻰ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺭﻭﺯ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗـﻰ ﺷـﺪﻥ ‪ 60‬ﺩﺭﺻـﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺳـﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪96‬‬ ‫ﻋﻀــﻮ ﺧﺎﻧــﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﻧــﻊ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﺗﻨﻬــﺎ ‪ 40‬ﺩﺭﺻــﺪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫــﺎﻯ‬ ‫‪ 12‬ﺗــﺎ ‪ 13‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘــﻰ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﻀﺎ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺳــﺖﻭﭘﺎﮔﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺗــﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻮﺯﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻣﺠﻮﺯﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻭﻛﺮﺍﺳــﻰ ﻭ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻥﺳﺎﻻﺭﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﺣﺴﻦ ﺣﺴﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ‪ ....‬ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠــﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻛﺴــﺐﻭﻛﺎﺭ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﻣﻮﻛﻮﻝ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺖﻫﺎﻳــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺻــﺮﻑ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻣــﻮﺭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠــﻒ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨــﻰ ‪ 60‬ﺩﺭﺻــﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ ﺍﺷﺒﺎﻉﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺠﻮﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺷــﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻡﺷــﺪﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﻐﻔﻮﻝ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻯﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺗــﻰ ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﻏــﺬﺍ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻯ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻏﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡﺷــﺪﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳــﻦ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﮔﺎﻩ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻕ ﺧﻮﺭﺷــﻴﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻰ ‪ 50‬ﭘــﺮﻭژﻩ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺴــﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻴــﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﺠﻮﺯ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺴــﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺍﺭﺷﺎﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﺣﺴــﻦ ﺣﺴــﻴﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀــﻮ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻻﺯﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔــﻮ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺷﺸﻢ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ‪ 8‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ ﺍﺷﺒﺎﻉﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻤﺮﻛــﺰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﻐﻔﻮﻝ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺗﻨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺭﺳــﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﮔــﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻮﻯ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻣﺤﺮﻙ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 14‬ﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ‪ 5 1396‬ﺭﺟﺐ ‪1438‬‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﺁﻭﺭﻳﻞ ‪ 2017‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 82‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2055‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺪﺍﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﻛﺎﻭﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺭﺿﺎ ﺻﺎﺩﻗﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ« ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪96‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﻣﻬﺪﻯﺯﺍﺩﻩﻣﻘﺪﻡ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﻴﻪ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫‪s.industrial@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﻥ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺁﺳﺎﻥﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺟﺬﺏ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻛﻠﻰﺗﺮ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﻰ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺮ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺭﺩ ﺑﺴــﺘﺮﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻳــﺪﻩ ﻧﻘﺎﺩﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺣﺐﻧﻈﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﺑــﺎﺭﻩ ﺭﺧﺪﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺪ ﺭﻭﺷــﻦﺗﺮ ﻭ ﺗﻴﺰﺑﻴﻦﺗﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺷﻦﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﺧﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻳﺪﺍﺩﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ‪ 12‬ﻣﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﻴﺸــﻨﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ‪ 12‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﺁﻳﻨــﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿــﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻛﺎﻭﻯ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧــﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺻﻠﻰﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪ 1395‬ﺭﺍ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺷــﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺴــﺘﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺘﻰ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭﻧﻈﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 1396‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺖ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﻛــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻠﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻧــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺠﺎﺕ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺑــﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻃــﺮﺡ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺖ ﺧﺎﻃﺮﺍﺕ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻛــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺫﻫﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﭘﺎﻙ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻗﺎﺋﻞ ﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘــﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘــﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﻤــﻚ ﺑﻪ ‪7‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ ‪ 500‬ﻭﺍﺣــﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘــﻰ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﻧﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻴﻬﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻋﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺤﺮﻙ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭘﻨﺠﻪ ﻧﺮﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺜﻢ ﻣﻮﺳﺎﻳﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺖﻭﭘﺎﮔﻴﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺭﻭﺑﻪ ﺭﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﭘﺎﺷــﻨﻪ ﺁﺷــﻴﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻠــﻰ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﻓــﺮﺽ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺖﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﭼﺸــﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳــﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺍﻛﺘﻔﺎ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﻣــﻰ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﺪﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺫﻫﻦ ﻣﻰﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﻌﻮﺩ ﻣﻬﺪﻯﺯﺍﺩﻩﻣﻘــﺪﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣــﻞ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﺷــﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺧﺮﺍﺳــﺎﻥ ﺭﺿﻮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺷﻜﻮﻓﺎﻳﻰ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺳــﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻠﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑــﺎ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺟﺎﻥ ﺗــﺎﺯﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﭼﺮﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻤﺲ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﻛﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﻳﺰﺩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪95‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺭﺿﺎ ﺻﺎﺩﻗﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺷــﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺳــﻤﻨﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻭﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭘــﺮﻭژﻩﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻃــﺮﺡ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻣﻨﺪ ﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺭﻫﺎ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻰﺗﺮﻳــﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺨﻨﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﮔﻮﻳــﺎﻯ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﺁﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﻋﻴﻨﻴﺖ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼــﻚ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳــﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﺮ ﭘﺎ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﮔﻮﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺷــﺮﻳﻚ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻣﻴﺜﻢ ﻣﻮﺳﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﭘﻴﺸــﻨﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻛﻤﺘــﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺍﻛــﻪ ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺭﻛــﻮﺩ ﻛﻤﺘــﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺳــﻨﺘﻰﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺗﻨﮕﻨﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺑــﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﻣﻰﮔــﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴــﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺳﺖﻭﭘﺎﮔﻴﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 1500‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺩﺳﺖﻭﭘﺎﮔﻴﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻀﺎ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮﻩ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺘﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﮔﺎﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻯﺗﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺭﻣﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻛﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮﻩ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺘﻰ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴــﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﻈﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻧــﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮﻯ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺑﻬــﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻨــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﭼﺸــﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺑــﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻣﺘﺼﻮﺭ ﺷﻮﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳــﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣــﻰ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺍﻫﻤﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﭼﺸﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪ 96‬ﻳﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻃﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧــﻖ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﻩ ﻧﺎﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭼﺸــﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻳﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻋﻼﻭﻩﺑﺮ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑــﻪ ﺩﺍﺧــﻞ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﻭﻇﻴﻔــﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺳــﭙﺮﻯ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳــﺎﻳﻪ ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺑﺴــﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﻰ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺎ ﺟﺎﻧﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﻜﺮﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﭼﺸﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻰ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺭﻗﻢ ﺑﺰﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﺍﻡ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺎﺷــﻨﻪ ﺁﺷﻴﻞ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻠﻰﺍﺻﻐﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﺭﻣﺘﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺷــﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻣــﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﭘﻮﺭﻣﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﻰ ﻭﺍﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺳــﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻏﻴــﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﻴﻮﻩ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﻭﻧــﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺷﻜﺴﺘﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻦ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻮﺭﻣﺘﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﺷـﻤﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺻﻠﻰﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳـﺖ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﻡ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪ 96‬ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻡ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻛﺴﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭﺍﻡ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﭼﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﮔﺸــﺘﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻴﺮ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻭﺍﻡ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻧﺎﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﺳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﺎﺷــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﻴﺎﻥ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻧﻴﻔﺘﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﺟﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﺮﻣﻮﻋﺪ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﮔﻼﻳﻪﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﻤﺎ ﭼﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ؟‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣــﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺣﺠــﻢ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﺮﺥ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ‪ 18‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫــﺎ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﺍﺭﻧــﺪﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺸﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﺟﺮﺍﻳﻢ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺩﺍﻣﻦ ﺯﺩ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺪﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺳﻮءﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑـﺎ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺣﺴـﺎﺏ ﺑﺎﻳـﺪ ﺑـﻪ ﻛـﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺳـﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﻴـﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻡ ﺭﻭﻧـﻖ ﺍﻋﻄـﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻭﺍﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﮔــﺮﺩﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻫــﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ؛ ﺍﻓــﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻞ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻴﻤﻪﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻧﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺪﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺳﻮءﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻃـﺮﺡ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻨﻰ ﺑـﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﻧـﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳـﺎﻝ ‪96‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﺪ؟‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻃﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﻰ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﺭﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﻟــﻰ ﺍﻣــﻮﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺗﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻳــﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﻫﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻤــﻮﺩ ﻋﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺮﻣﺤﻤﺪﺗﻘﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺎﻳﻰﻫﻮﺷﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺩﻋﺎ‪ ،‬ﻃــﺮﺡ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﺴﺎﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻯﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮ ﻣﻰﺑﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﻈــﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻔﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﻘﺪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧــﻮﻉ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮ ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻮﺩ ‪20‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺯﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧــﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﭼﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺟــﺰ ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫــﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻴــﺶ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺳــﻮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ؟ ﺁﻥ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﺯﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻭﺍﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﻡ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺸــﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﻡ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺳــﺮﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻧﻪ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺘﻔﻊ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜــﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﺪ؛ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﻧﻴــﺮﻭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺍﻧــﺮژﻯ ﺩﺭﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕــﺮﺍﻥ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧــﺪ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻧﮕﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺨﻮﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷــﻴﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻃــﺮﺡ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺶﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰﺗﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﻴﺶﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺻــﻼﺡ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺗﺮﻛﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﻼﻥ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻳﺐﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﭼﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺑﻨﺪﺩ؛ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﺎﺫﺏ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺭﺍ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﮕﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺁﺳــﻴﺐﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧــﻰ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺵ ﺑﻮﺩ؟ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨــﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻭﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻳﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﭼﺮﺍﻛــﻪ ﻧﻪ ﻭﺍﻡ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻳﻰ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻓــﺮﻭﺵ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻛﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﭼﮕﻮﻧــﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﭼــﻪ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺍﻯ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨــﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﻡ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺷﺒﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺟﻠﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 14‬ﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ‪ 5 1396‬ﺭﺟﺐ ‪1438‬‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﺁﻭﺭﻳﻞ ‪ 2017‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 82‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2055‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻓﺎﻣﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣــﻞ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺷــﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﻫﻤﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺧــﻂ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘــﻰ ﻓﺎﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ 3‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ‪500‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ ﺧﺒﺮ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺷــﺒﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑــﺮﻕ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘــﻰ ﻓﺎﻣﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ‪ 3‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘــﺮ ﻭ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﻋﺘﺒــﺎﺭ ‪ 4‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫‪ 500‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺳﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﻫﻤﺪﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﮔــﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﻳﺎﻥﻃﺐ ﻫﮕﻤﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﮔﺴــﺘﺮﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﻙ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻭﻳﺎﻥ ﮔﺸﺎﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺧﻂ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭﻳﺴﭙﺎﺭﻓﻠﺖ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻧﻰ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﺑﺴﭙﺎﺭ ﺁﺭﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﻙ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﻮﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﻤﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﭘﺎﺭﻟﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‪ 95‬ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻫﻤﺪﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﻳﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺭﺍ ﺷﺎﺩﺑﺨﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺩﻻﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓــﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻦ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑــﻰ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣــﺎﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺘﻈــﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﭘﺮ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺳــﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺳــﺒﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻳﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﭘﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﺿﻌﻒ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﻗﻀﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﭘﺲﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻠــﻰ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕﻫﺎﻯ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺁﺳﺎﻥﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳــﻰ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼــﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟــﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫــﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟــﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺧﺮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼــﻚ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺠــﺎﺩ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧــﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧــﺰﺩ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﻓﺮﻣﺎﻳــﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻭﻩﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳــﺒﺪ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨــﻪ ﻭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸــﺖ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ )ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺧﺴــﺎﺭﺗﻰ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻭﺍﻡ( ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻴــﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺻﻨــﺪﻭﻕ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑــﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺍﻗﺘﻀﺎﻯ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺸــﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﺰﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺤــﺮﻭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻳــﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺁﺳــﺎﻥﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 1383‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻣﺼﻮﺏ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻈــﺮ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻚ )ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺯﻳﺮ ‪50‬ﻧﻔﺮ( ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺲ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫــﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺠــﺎﺩ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻓﺮﺍﻫــﻢ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺨــﺶ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‪ ،‬ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺛﻴﻖ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻛﺴﺮﻯ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺪﻭﺭ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﻊ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻮﺳﺴــﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺪﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﺳﭙﻪ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﺭﺳﻴﺎﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭘﺴــﺖﺑﺎﻧﻚ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﺳــﺎﺭﮔﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥﺯﻣﻴﻦ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺳﺴــﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﺒــﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﻮﺛــﺮ ﻭ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺗﻔﺎﻫﻤﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭﺍﺳــﻂ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 1394‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺼﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺣﺴــﻦ ﺍﻧﺠــﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺶﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧــﺖ ﻭ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺁﺳــﺎﻥﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺳﺴــﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ‪ 10‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ‪ 886 ،‬ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻰ ‪400‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ ﺍﺑﻼﻍ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻫﺒﺮ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺸــﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﻳﻜﺎﻳﻚ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺧﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺛﻤﺮﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻘﺶ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻛﻢﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻣــﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻝ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﻭﻳــﮋﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻘــﺎﻯ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺗﺒــﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺻﻨــﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﻌﻬﺪﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﻣﺎ ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺭﺍ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺫﻯﻧﻔﻊ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﺪﺭﺝ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻦ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺫﻯﻧﻔﻊ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮﻯ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ« ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﺎ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﻨﺐ ﻋﺒﺪﻯ‬ ‫‪s.industrial@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻛﻮﭼــﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺳــﻬﻢ ‪92‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻭﺩﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺗﻌﺎﺭﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ‪ .‬ﺍﻣــﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺣﺴــﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﻴﺴــﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻏﻼﻥ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 50‬ﻧﻔﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻩ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺲ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼــﻚ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1384‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪1385‬ﺷــﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪1386‬‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ‪10‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺣﺴــﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﻴﺴــﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣــﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﭘﻴﺸــﻴﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨــﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺎﺑﺴــﺘﺎﻥ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻀــﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕﻣﺪﻳــﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣــﻞ ﺻﻨــﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺷﺪﻩ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﺡ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕﻫـﺎﻯ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﭼـﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸﻴﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕﻫﺎﻯ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻋﺒــﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﺯ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘــﻰ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﺑﻪﮔﻮﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩﺑﺮ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﺩ ﺣﺎﻛﻤﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕﻫﺎﻯ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎ ﺍﻳﺠــﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪100‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻧﺨﺴـﺘﻴﻦ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ‪45‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺲ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺑﻴﻤﻪﻧﺎﻣــﻪ ﻭ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪ 1352‬ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﭼـﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻯ ﺑـﻪ ﺗﺎﺳـﻴﺲ ﺻﻨـﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨــﻮﻥ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪92‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 88‬ﻫــﺰﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﻣﻴــﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺎﺳــﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺳــﻬﺎﻣﺪﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ )ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃــﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﮔﻰ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ( ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺍﺗﺮ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻻﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﺷــﻔﺎﻑ ﻭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻊ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺿﻌﻒ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺧﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﺍﺳــﺮ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺎﺳــﻴﺲ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕﻫﺎﻯ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﭼﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷـﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺲ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺷﻮﺩ؟‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤــﺎﻥ ﺩﻻﻳﻠﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﺎﺳــﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕﻫــﺎﻯ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷــﺪ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻥﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻴــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛــﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﭘﺸﺘﻮﺍﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻗﻮﻯ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻞ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼــﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﻣﺸــﺨﺼﻰ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺛﻴﻖ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1383‬ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺲ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ؟‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻡ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺻﻨـﺪﻭﻕ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑـﺮﺍﻯ ﻳﻚ ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ؟‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻮﺏ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳــﺖ ﺻﺪﻭﺭ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﻧــﺪﻩ ﺍﻋﺘﺒــﺎﺭﻯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﭘــﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﻴﺘــﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﺼــﻰ ﻓﻨــﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻄــﺮﺡ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻫﻴﺎﺕﻣﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺻﺪﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺻــﺪﻭﺭ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣــﻪ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳــﺖ ﺻﻨــﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﭼﻪ ﻓﺮﻗﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ؟ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﭼﻪ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻫﺴﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓــﺖ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎ ﺳــﺨﺘﮕﻴﺮﺍﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺳــﺖ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻢ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎ ﻣــﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺁﺳﺎﻥﺗﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﭼﻮﻥ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻣﺎ ﭘــﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎﺭﭼﻮﺏ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﺤــﻞ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔــﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻰ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺖ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻣﻮﺿـﻮﻉ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫـﺎ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺭﺳــﺎﻟﺖ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘــﻰ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺬﻳــﺮﺵ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺗﻰ ﻣﺤﺘﺎﻃﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪95‬‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻧــﺎﻡ »ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻞ«‬ ‫ﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧــﺪ ﺑﻪﮔﻮﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴــﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪95‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎﻫﻤﻨﺎﻣــﻪ ﻫﻤــﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﻭﺟﺎﻧﺒــﻪ ﺍﻣﻀﺎ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫‪5‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﻮﺍﻝ‪ ،‬ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ‪ 2‬ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ؛‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺻﻞ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺲ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺼﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﭘﻮﻝ ﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺸــﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻣﺼﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻞ ﻭ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻋﻠﺘﻰ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﻭﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﻪ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻰ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺘﺪ؟‬ ‫ﻣــﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺧﺴــﺎﺭﺕ ﻛــﻪ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺗﻌﻬﺪﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﻣﺎ ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺭﺍ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻫﺮ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﺫﻯﻧﻔﻊ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﺪﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺻﻨــﺪﻭﻕ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺫﻯﻧﻔﻊ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺻﻞ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺩ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺗﻜﻠﻴﻒ ﻭﺍﻡ ﭼﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺣﻘﻮﻗــﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺿﺎﻣﻦﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﮕﻴــﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﻪ ﺻﻨــﺪﻭﻕ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﻣــﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﻄﺎﻯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﻃﺮﻑﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻭﺟﻮﻩ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻗﺴــﺎﻃﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﺪ؟‬ ‫‪70‬ﺩﺭﺻــﺪ ﺍﺻــﻞ ﻭ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺿﻤﺎﻧــﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴــﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﻃــﻖ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫‪85‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺻﻞ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫـﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﭼﻪ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺗﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳــﻦ ﺩﺭﺻــﺪ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺻﻨــﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺗﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼــﻚ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﺩﺭﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘــﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺗﺒﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻪ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ؟‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺗﻨﻮﻉﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺼﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺰﺍﻳــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺣﺴــﻦﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺶﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺴــﻮﺭ ﻭﺟﻪﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺧﻴﺺ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺳــﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﮔﻤﺮﻛﻰ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺻﺪﻭﺭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺷﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﭼﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ‪ 50‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺮﺭ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺲ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ)ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 85‬ﻭ ‪ (86‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻧﺸﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ‪ 25‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪ 100‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻰ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﻢ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻳﻘﻴﻦ ﻧﻴــﺎﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼــﻚ ﺧﻴﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻬــﺎ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺭﻳﺴﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻬﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺡﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳــﺖ ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﻛﻞ ﭘﺮﺗﻔﻮﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕﻫــﺎﻯ ﺿﻤﺎﻧــﺖ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 5‬ﺗــﺎ ‪ 7‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺸﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻬﺪﺍﺕ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺮﻋﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﭘﻴﺶﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻋﻠﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣــﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﺬﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺎﻟــﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺑــﻪﺭﻭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷــﺨﺺ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺗﻼﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺴــﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺮﻫﻮﻥ ﺗﻼﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺎ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻭﻳــﮋﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄــﻊ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻛﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻳــﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺸــﻢ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺖ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻫﻰ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﻗﺪﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕﻫــﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘــﻰ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺻﻨــﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺎ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻼﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻥﺷــﺎءﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻣﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺁﺑﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ؟‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖﻫــﺎﻯ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻨــﺪﻭﻕ ﺩﺭ ‪10‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻫــﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ‪240‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪50‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﻠﻎ ‪ 340‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﻠﻎ ‪ 300‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ‪10‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺗﻌــﺪﺍﺩ ‪ 250‬ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺪﻳﺪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻣﺸــﺎﺑﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﻋﺪﺩﻯ ‪19‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ‪10‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ‬ ‫‪ 39‬ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺪﻥ‪ 33‬ﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻨﺎ ‪ 19‬ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 14‬ﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ‪ 5 1396‬ﺭﺟﺐ ‪1438‬‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﺁﻭﺭﻳﻞ ‪ 2017‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 82‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2055‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺧﻂ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎﻩ – ﻋﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺼﻨﻌﻰ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﻨﺪﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭﻯ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﭘﺸﺘﻮﺍﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﮋﺩﻩ ﭘﻮﺭﺯﻛﻰ‬ ‫‪infrastructure@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨــﺪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻭ ﻣﺴــﺎﻓﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺸﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺁﺑﻰ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺸــﻜﻰ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻋــﺮﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺭﻣﻨﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻛﻤﻨﺴﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﻛﺴﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺯ ﺧﺸــﻜﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﻣﻨﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺩﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺸﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺻﺮﻓﻪﺟﻮﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔــﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳــﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺶﺗﺮ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺩﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧــﺲ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺧﺎﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳــﻦ ﺗــﻼﺵ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻳﻤﻦ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻭﺭﻳﻢ ﻛــﻪ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﻄﻘــﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﺑﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺁﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫــﻦ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﺭﻳﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﺳﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺁﺧﻮﻧﺪﻯ ﻓﺎﺻﻠــﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﻻﺫﻗﻴﻪ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺮﺯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪ 500‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺒﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺳﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺁﺳﺘﺎﺭﺍ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺎﺡ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﻗﺰﻭﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷﺖ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﺴــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺭﺷﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺳﺘﺎﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺷــﺒﻜﻪ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻳــﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺘﺎﻗﺎﻧﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ‪ ،‬ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻨﺪﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻭﺩﻯ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺎﺯ ‪3‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪﺭ ﺷﻬﻴﺪ ﺭﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴــﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺼﻨﻌﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﻨﺪﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭﻯ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻮﻝ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﻣــﺎ ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸــﻴﻦ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﭘﺸــﺘﻮﺍﻧﻪ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﺣﺴــﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﻀﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀﻮ ﻛﻤﻴﺴــﻴﻮﻥ ﻋﻤــﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺷــﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴــﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﻠــﻰ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻛﻠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈــﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚﺳــﻮ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠــﻰ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﺠــﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﺎﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳــﻰ ﺳــﺮﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﭘﺎﻳــﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴــﺖ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺠﻠــﺲ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻛــﺮﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺭﻫﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻧﻘــﻼﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ ﺗﺎﻛﻴــﺪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺭﻳﻠــﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺠﻠــﺲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺒﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﺧﺘﺼــﺎﺹ ﻳﺎﻓﺘــﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻯﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ‪ 600‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺍﻳﻦﺣﺎﻝ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺪﺭﺭﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻀﻠﻰ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺮﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡﻫــﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨــﺪ ﻋﺰﻣﻰ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﺍﺳــﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﭘﻮﻳﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻭﻥﻣﺮﺯﻯ ﻧﺸــﺄﺕ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨــﻪ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﺍﻳﺰﻧﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻠﻰ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﺸــﻜﻠﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻪ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑــﺎ ﺭﺍﻳﺰﻧﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻛﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻗﻠﻴﺪ )ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺱ( ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﻞ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﻣﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﺪﺣﺴــﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﻀﻠــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤــﻮﻉ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺒﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴــﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺝﺍﷲ ﺭﺟﺒﻰ ﻋﻀﻮ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻳﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻀﻮ ﻛﻤﻴﺴــﻴﻮﻥ ﻋﻤــﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﺗﺼــﺎﻝ ﺧﻄــﻮﻁ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑــﻪ ﻋــﺮﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺷــﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻣﻰﺑــﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺭﻳﻠــﻰ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠــﻪ ﺯﺍﻫﺪﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸــﻬﺪ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺟﺒﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺍﺟــﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻠــﻰ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻳﻚ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧــﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺨﺸــﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻢﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺭﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻛﺎﻫــﺶ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺵ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻮءﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ ﺍﻧﺰﻭﺍﻃﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺩﻳﭙﻠﻤﺎﺳــﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﺎﻛﻴــﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺗﻠﻘﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻨــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻭﻥﻣﺮﺯﻯ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻴﻢ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺑﺮﻭﻥﻣﺮﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥﻣﺮﺯﻯ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﺗﺼــﺎﻝ ﺭﻳﻠــﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴــﺎﻳﻪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺪﻳﺖ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﻭﺳــﻴﻊ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﻴﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺧﺘﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ‪1300‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻳﺎ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﻻﻳﻦﻫﺎ ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺳــﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﺭﻛﻴﻨﮓ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻧﺸــﻴﻨﻰ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻧﺸــﻴﻨﻰ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﭘﺎﺭﻛﻴﻨﮓ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻮﺍﺯﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺩﺧﻞ ﻭ ﺧﺮﺝ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫‪300‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻗﻢ ﺯﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻰ ﭘﺨﺶ ﻓﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺍﺽ ﻭﺍﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ )ﺍﻳﺮﻻﻳﻦﻫﺎ( ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻫﻰ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﻬﺪﻫﺎﻯﺷﺎﻥ ﻧﺸﺄﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺭﺥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺯﻳﺎﻥﺩﻩ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻰ ﭘﺨﺶ ﻓﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺭ ﺭﻳﺎﺣﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠــﻰ ﭘﺨﺶ ﻓﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺪﻫــﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﻻﻳﻦﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ‪300‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺷــﻴﻮﻩﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮﻩﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺧﺒﺮ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎ ‪3‬ﻓﺮﺍﺧﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ‪7‬ﺧﻮﺷﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺧﻮﺷﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﻰ )ﭘﺎﻳﻠﻮﺕ( ﻭﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺼﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻭﺑﺮﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺪﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻌﺼﻮﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕﻣﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻭﺑﺮﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ‪ 4‬ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻴﺶﺍﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﻗﺸــﻢﺍﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌــﺮﺍﺝ ﻭ ﭘﻮﻳﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﻗﺒﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻰ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﭼﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ؟ ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﻗﺎﺳﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻳﺐﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻓﻀﺎﻳــﻰ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺑﻴﺮﻛﻞ ﺍﺗــﺎﻕ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﻭ ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺯﻳﺎﻥﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑــﻪ ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﻓﻊﺷﺪﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻳﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻧﺠﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻮﺩﺩﻫﻰ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦﭼﻨﻴﻨﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺷــﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪﻃــﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺳــﺘﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺨﺸــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺪﻫﻰ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨــﻪ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑــﻪ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺨﺸــﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﻠﻎﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻗﺎﺳﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﺭﻛﻴﻨﮓ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﺯﻫﻢ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﻀﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺠﻮﺯﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﺨﻔﻴﻒ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺨﻔﻴﻒﻫﺎ ﺗﺎ ‪70‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫــﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺮ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺷــﻜﺎﻻﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ‪ 10‬ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﻫﺰﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ‪ 10‬ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ‪ 100‬ﻧﻔﺮ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻔﺮ‪3 ،‬‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ‪ 2-3‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺩﺩﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺳــﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﺳﻤﻰ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺻﺮﺍﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﺘﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺮﺧــﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻏﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﻧﻈﺎﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻣــﻮﺭ ﻓﻨﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮﺍﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻼﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻏﻠﺒﻪ ﻛﻨﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﺎﻳﺐﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﻫﻮﺍﻳــﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺯﻭﺩﻯ ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻦ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻰ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺧﺮﻳــﺪ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺳﻮﺩﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺁﺯﺍﺩﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺩﺩﻫﻰ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻯ ‪20‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﺮﺑﺎﺱ ‪321‬‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻮﺋﻴﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﺳﻤﻰ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺁﺯﺍﺩﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺩ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﺁﺯﺍﺩﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺸﻮﻗﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺣــﻖ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻫــﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺠﻬﺰﺗﺮ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﻤــﺎﻥ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻰ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳــﻔﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﭘــﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺁﺯﺍﺩﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﻫﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﻗﺒﺎﻝ ﻣﺴــﺎﻓﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻴﺮ ﻣﻬﺮﺯﺍﺩ ‪ -‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﮔﺴـﺘﺮﺵ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺳـﺎﺯﻯ‪ :‬ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴــﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻜــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻗﻴﻤــﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺷــﺎﺧﺼﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣــﻰ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﺟﻮﺍﺩ ﺣﺴﻴﻨﻰﻛﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀﻮ ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺷــﺒﻜﻪ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺭﺍﻩ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺩﺭﺑــﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻳــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦﮔﻮﻧــﻪ ﺗﻮﺿﻴــﺢ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴــﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻋﻼﻭﻩﺑﺮ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺘﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺯﻭﺍﺭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﺳﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﻭ ﻋﺘﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺒﻜﻪ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻫﻤﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺭﻳﻞ ﻧﻬﺎﻭﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪﺭﺍﻫﻰ ﻗﺮﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺴﺘﻮﻥ ‪ -‬ﺳــﻨﻘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ‬‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻂ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﺮﻳﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﺴــﻴﻨﻰﻛﻴﺎ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴــﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥﺷــﺮﻗﻰ ﻭ ﻏﺮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺧــﻂ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﻧﺎﻡﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴــﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫــﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻡﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺟــﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑــﻪ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺩﺩﻫﻰ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻋــﺮﺍﻕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻳــﻜﺎ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻋﺶ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎ ‪ 50‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﺳﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﺧﻂ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻴﻨﻰﻛﻴﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻓﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺣﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺎﺭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺁﺳﺎﻥﺗﺮ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥﺗﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺩﺭﺑــﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﺍﺑﻌــﺎﺩ ﺍﺗﺼــﺎﻝ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦﮔﻮﻧــﻪ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﺧﻂ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻂ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺧﻄــﻮﻁ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺒﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺯﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺯﻫﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺷــﻴﻮﻩ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧــﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺑــﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﻨــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘــﺮﻭژﻩ ‪ 20‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺣﺘﻤــﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﺴــﻴﻨﻰﻛﻴﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧــﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﺧﻂ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸــﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺭﻯ ﺧﺒﺮﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻩ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﺎ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﻧﻤﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﭘــﺮﻭژﻩ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺎﻳﻨﺎﻧﺲﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺎﻳﻨﺎﻧﺴﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻔﺮ ‪ 30‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺑﻌﻴﻦ ﺣﺴﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﻛــﺮﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳــﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻂ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻔﺮ ‪30‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺑﻌﻴــﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳــﻖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑــﻪ ﻋﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻂ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﻣﻐﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﺯﺍﺋﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 14‬ﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ‪ 5 1396‬ﺭﺟﺐ ‪1438‬‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﺁﻭﺭﻳﻞ ‪ 2017‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 82‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2055‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺴﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﻴﺪﻩﺷــﺪﻩ »ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ«‪،‬‬ ‫»ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ«‪» ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻠﻰ«‬ ‫ﻳــﺎ‪ ...‬ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﮋﺩﻩ ﭘﻮﺭﺯﻛﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺴــﺎﺗﻰ ﭘﻰﺩﺭﭘﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﮕﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻫﻢ ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ – ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ‪-‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺨﺼﺺﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻴﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻣﻮﺭﻳﺖ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﻫﻤﻪﭼﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻳﻚ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﻣﻬﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻦﻃﻮﺭ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳــﻦ ﺭﺋﻮﺱ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻰ ﺗﺎ ﺳــﻄﻮﺡ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳــﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﻣﻨﺪﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺟﻠﺴــﺎﺕ ﻣﻜﺮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﻰﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻫﺮﻡ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﺯﻟﻮ‪ ،‬ﻫﺮ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ‪ 5‬ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫــﺎﻯ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺘــﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺷــﻜﻮﻓﺎﻳﻰ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻫــﺮﻡ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﺯﻟﻮ ﻣﻰﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻢ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻛﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺁﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺭﻗﻢ ﺯﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﭼﻪﺑﺴــﺎ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤــﻪ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﻮﺍﻩ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺸــﺘﻮﺍﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻣﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻮﺩﺷــﻜﻮﻓﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ‪ ،‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧــﺶ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺧﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻰﺛﺒﺎﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻔﺮﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻫﺪﺭﺭﻓﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﻛﻨﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳــﻰ ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻥ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺪﻥ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺳــﺎﺕ ﻣﻠﻰﮔﺮﺍﻳﺎﻧــﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺸﺮﺩﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻠﻘﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﻤﺸــﺪﻩ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻰﻋﻼﻗﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻧﺠﻴﺪﮔﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺷــﻜﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﮔﺬﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ُﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻰﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯﺍﻳــﻦﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﺑﻪﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻛﻢﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻫﺪﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﺍﻳﻦﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻫﺪﺭﺭﻓﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﻪﻭﺍﺳــﻄﻪ ﺑﻰﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﮔﻰ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﮕﻮﻳﻴﻢ ﭼﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫»ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ«‪ ،‬ﻧﻈﺮﻳﻪﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻯ‬ ‫»ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳــﻰ ﻛﺎﺭ« ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﻮﺷــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻛﻼﻣــﻰ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﻣﻨﺪ ﺑــﺎ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺑﺎﺏ ﺭﺟﻮﻉ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﭼﻪ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻄﺤﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻧﻪ ﻭﻇﺎﻳﻒ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﺘﻌﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﻛﺎﺭ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺧﺸــﻢ ﻭ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺷــﻨﻴﺪﻥ ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﻣﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﻛﺸﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﻣﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻇﻒ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻨﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﮕﻮﻳﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺳﻮﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺳــﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻓﺘﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺮﺳﻰ ﺩﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺮﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳــﻰ ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﺷــﻐﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﻉ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺟﻨﺴــﻴﺖ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭﺵ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳــﻰ ﻛﺎﺭ‪» ،‬ﺷﺎﻳﺴﺘﻪﺳﺎﻻﺭﻯ« ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺑﻴﺦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻛﻢﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﻳﻚ ﺭﻛﻦ ﺍﺯ »ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ« ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺷﺎﻳﺴــﺘﮕﻰﻫﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕﻫﺎﻯﺷﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻧﺸﻮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺷﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻼﻗﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺍﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻳﻘﺶ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﻨﺪﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻗﻪﺍﻯ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫»ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺷﻐﻠﻰ« ﻭ »ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺶ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭘﻴﺸــﻴﻨﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻯ« ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺍﺭﻛﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﺷــﻐﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﻤﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻬــﺎ ﺗﺬﻛﺮﻯ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺌﻮﺭﻯﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴــﺮﺍﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻫﺪﺭﺭﻓــﺖ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﻩ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻧﺎﺭﺳﺎﻳﻰﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ« ﺍﺯ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺸﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻃﻴﺒﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﺒﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫‪infrastructure@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪﻯ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳــﺖ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺍﺑﺘــﺪﺍ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻘــﺎﻁ ﺗﺤﻮﻝﺧﻴﺰ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑــﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺭﻫﺒﺮ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫»ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ« ﻧﺎﻡﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖﭘﺬﻳــﺮ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗــﻰ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻧــﮕﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺗــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺷــﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺟــﺮﺍ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻧﺎﺭﺳــﺎﻳﻰﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺗﺤــﻮﻝ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺷــﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻘﻄــﻊ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﻧﻴﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﻠﻜــﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳــﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺭﺥ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﻭﺍﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫــﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺒﻚﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺷــﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻫﺒــﺮﻯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭﻛﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻫﻤﻴﺸــﻪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴــﻢ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺗﻤــﺎﻡ ﺗــﻼﺵ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻤــﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺤــﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪﺍﻯ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖﭘﺬﻳــﺮ ﻛــﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﻮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻠﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﻌﻄﻒ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ‪ ...‬ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺍژﻩ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ‪3‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﻭﺍژﻩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻡﺷــﺪﻩ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‪ ،‬ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ‪...‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿــﻮﻉ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻯ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺩﺭﺑﺮﻣﻰﮔﻴــﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﻳﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻝﺧﻴﺰ ﺭﺍ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﺘﺸــﻜﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺮﻛــﺰ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺷــﻌﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫‪ 96‬ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺣﺘــﻰ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﺗﺠﻬﻴــﺰﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻝﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﻫﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟــﺐ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺷﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﻛﻮﺷﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﻰﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﮔﺬﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﺤــﺚ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻭ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻝﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ‪3 .‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺗﺤﻮﻝﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﻳــﻪ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻜﻨﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﻪﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﺑﻮﺩﻯ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺭﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧــﻮﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺷــﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺭﻳﺎﺳﺖﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻯ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴــﺶ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤــﺚ ﻛﻼﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻝﮔﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﭘﻴﺸــﺒﻴﻨﻰﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧــﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺘﮕﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖﻫــﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺑﻴﻔﺘﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺘﮕﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺭﺳــﺎﻟﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﮕﻮ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﻛﻮﺷــﻜﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀــﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﻜﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳــﺖ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻼﻣﻪ ﻃﺒﺎﻃﺒﺎﻳﻰ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺍﺗﻔــﺎﻕ ﻧﻤﻴﺎﻓﺘﺪ ﻣﮕــﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻌــﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﻧــﮕﺎﻩ ﻧﻜﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻭﺟﻬﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻋﻼﻭﻩﺑﺮ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻨﺶ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶﮔﻔﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺮﻫﻤﻨﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻧﻰ ﺷﺎﻳﺴــﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺟــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﻫــﺪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜــﻰ ﻭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﻭ ﺛﺮﻭﺕﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪:‬ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺻﺮﻑ ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑــﺮ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺩﻭ ﺑﻌــﺪ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻨــﺎ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻩﺍﻧــﺪ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺷــﺪﻧﺪ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻧﺪﻛﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﮕﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺁﻣــﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻧﻰ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻬﻴﺎﻓﺘﮕﻰ ﻭ ﺳﻬﻢ ﺛﺮﻭﺕ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻧﻜﺎﺭ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺶ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨــﺮﻭ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤــﻮﻝ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﺭﻥ ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻓﺘــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﻳــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﻜﺪﻩ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻼﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﺎﻃﺒﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻯ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻣﮕﺮ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻞ ﻓﻨﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳــﺨﺘﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﮔﺬﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﻓــﻜﺎﺭ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻏﻨﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻯ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺴــﻴﻠﻰ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺕﻫﺎﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻪﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺴﻴﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺭﺷــﻴﺪﻯ ﻭ ﺑــﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻯ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﺧﻮﺭﺷــﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫‪ 800‬ﺗﺎ ‪2‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ‪ 200‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻭﺍﺕ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺗﺨﻤﻴﻦ ﺯﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ‪ 25‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 40‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺷــﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﺍﻯ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺷــﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺩﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 280‬ﺭﻭﺯ ﺁﻓﺘﺎﺑﻰ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭼﻨﮕﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻝ ﻧﻤﻰﺯﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻛﻞ ﺳــﺎﺑﻖ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﺁﮔﺎﻩﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻮ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻗﺼﺪ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ ﺭﺑﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺷــﻴﺪﻯ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻧــﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ‪ 3‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﮕﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﻣﺠﻮﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻗﻢ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻮﺯﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﻏﺮﺏ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺷــﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﺎ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﺠﻮﺯ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﺻﺮﻓﻪﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴــﺖ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﺷــﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚﻫﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ ﺗﺰﺍﺣﻢ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﻊ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﺎﺩﺧﻴﺰ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺩﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌــﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻯ ﻧﻴــﺮﻭﮔﺎﻩ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺑﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺱ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﮔﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻨﺠﻴﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺳــﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺠﻴﻞ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﻔﺖ‪80 :‬ﻣﮕﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺠﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﻭ ‪ 30‬ﻣﮕﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﻟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻬﺪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﮔﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﮔﺎﻩ ﻣﻨﺠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺳﻮﺩ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺖ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﮔﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻨﺎﻟﻮﺩ ﻣﺸــﻬﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻫﻴﭽﻜﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﮔﻠﺴــﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻰ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻛﻼﺱ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ‪ 660‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻭﺍﺗﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﻤﺎﺭﻛﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺭﻣﻨﺴــﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﻮﺭﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﮔﻠﺴــﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ‪ 100‬ﻫــﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﮕﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺑــﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ‪ 30‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﮕﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ‪ 30‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﮕﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ‪ 150‬ﻣﮕﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺑﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻪ ﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺑﻰﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺮژﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺎﻙ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺴﻴﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺭﺷــﻴﺪﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺎﻙ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺼﻰ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻬﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺎﻙ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫‪ 14‬ﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ‪ 5 1396‬ﺭﺟﺐ ‪1438‬‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﺁﻭﺭﻳﻞ ‪ 2017‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 82‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2055‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ‪40‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ‪95‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺭﺧﺸﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﻛﺎﻭﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻬﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻑ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﻨﺪ‬ ‫»ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ« ﻻﺯﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻜﻮﻓﺎﻳﻰ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻛﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﺿﺎﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺶ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺘﺮﺍ ﻣﻤﺴﻨﻰ‬ ‫‪car@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳـﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺳـﺎﻝ ﭘﺮﺟﻨﺐ ﻭ ﺟﻮﺷﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺴـﺖ ﺍﻣـﺎ ﺑﻪﻃـﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻧﺘﺎﻳـﺞ ﻣﺬﺍﻛـﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺳـﺎﻝ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺸـﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺛﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻰﺷـﻚ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻗﻮﺕ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺷـﺮﻛﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺴـﺖ ﭼﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳـﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷـﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺭﺿﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨـﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺪﻳﻤـﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻰﻛﻴﻔﻴﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺷـﺘﻪ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺳـﺎﻝ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺩﮔﺮﮔﻮﻧﻰﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺴـﺰﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﺎﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺍﻳﻔﺎ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺨﺴـﺘﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﮔﺴـﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻻﺯﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺷـﻜﻮﻓﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺮﺭﺳـﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ .‬ﺁﻧﭽـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﭘﺮﺭﻧﮓ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﻰﺷـﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻡ ﺷـﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 2‬ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺘﻤﺮ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺯﺁﻣﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﻧﻌﻘــﺎﺩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬــﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮﻩ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻛﻤﻰ ﻭ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪96‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﻜﻮﻓﺎﻳﻰ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭ ‪ 97‬ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺭﺍﻫﮕﺸﺎﻯ‬ ‫‪ 96‬ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻴﺮﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻗﻨﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻬــﻢ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻛﻤﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻛﻞ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻊ ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﻗﺪﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷﻜﻮﻓﺎﻳﻰ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻣﺤﺮﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺭﺷﺪ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻓﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺳــﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻭ ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻫــﺪﺍﻑ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﮔﺎﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺿﻌﻒ‬ ‫ﺩﻗﻴــﻖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺖﻣﻨﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻻﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳــﺖ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴــﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤــﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‪ -‬ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳــﻰ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺁﻧﻬــﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻘــﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻓﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴــﺎ‪ ،‬ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ژﺍﭘﻦ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﭙﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻯ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎ ﺧﻮﺍﻫــﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃــﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﻧــﺶ ﻓﻨﻰ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﭘﻠﺘﻔــﺮﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﻣﺪﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻘــﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻓﻨﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠــﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺮﺍژ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳــﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸــﺎﺭﻛﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺟــﺬﺏ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸــﻴﻨﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻯ ﻣﻨﻌﻘــﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻛﻨﺪﺗﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻀــﺎ ﺑﺮﺳــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﺒﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨــﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻭ ﮔﻴﺮﺑﻜﺲ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻴﺮﺍژ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﺗﺮ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻨــﻮﻉ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﻗﺖ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨــﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻳــﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟــﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺩﻫﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺳــﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴــﻦ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﭘﺮﺳــﻜﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭﻯ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﺯﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻧﺪﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮﺳــﻜﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺳــﻨﺘﻰ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﭘﺎﺳــﺨﮕﻮﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻰ ﭘﻠﺘﻔﺮﻡ ﻭ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﻮﺗــﻮﺭ ﻭ ﮔﻴﺮﺑﻜﺲ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺿﻌﻒﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻨﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺁﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻴــﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟــﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﭼﻨــﺪﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻧﺮﺳﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺳــﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻯ ﻧﺼﻴﺐ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺷــﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻗــﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻨﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻋﻘﺐﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﮔﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪﻫــﺎﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﻳﺒﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻃــﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺑــﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟــﺪﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻯ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ‪ ،‬ﻻﺯﻣﻪ ﺷﻜﻮﻓﺎﻳﻰ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ‪50‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻓﻨﻰ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺳــﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺮﻭﺯ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻰ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﭘﻠﺘﻔﺮﻡ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻬﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻪﺩﺳــﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺿﻌــﻒ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﺻﻠــﻰ ﭘﻠﺘﻔﺮﻡ ﻣﺎﻧﻨــﺪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﻧﻜﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺑﻜﺲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻧﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺭﺷــﺪﻯ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻗﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻧﺘﺎژ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﺵﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﻧﺼﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮﺣﺎﻝ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻧﺸﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻋﻤﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻧﺘﺎژﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺭﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰﻫﺎ ﺳﺮﭼﺸﻤﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨــﻮﻥ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺗــﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻃــﻮﻝ ‪ 4‬ﺩﻫﻪ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺩﻩ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺷــﺘﺒﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪ 4‬ﺩﻫﻪ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﻣﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧــﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵﻫــﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻓﻨــﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺑــﺎﻻ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭﻫــﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ‪ 40‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻣــﺮﺩﻡ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﮔﺮﮔﻮﻧﻰﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﺎﺳــﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻣــﺎ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﻤﻦ ﺁﺭﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺳــﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳــﻰ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻟﺠﺎﻡﮔﺴــﻴﺨﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺟﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺳــﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺣــﺐ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﺥ‬ ‫ﻫﻤــﺮﺍﻩ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻛﻨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩﺍﻧﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺴــﺌﻠﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﻕ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑــﺰﺭگ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺷــﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻟﺒﻮﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﭘﻴﻜﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛــﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﻣﺴــﻠﻢ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺩﻩ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺭﺷــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪96‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺻﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺒﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺎﺕ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺮﻩﺟﻨﻮﺑﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻟﺰﻯ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﭼﺎﺭﻩﺍﻯ ﺟﺰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻰ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﻄﻪﻋﻄﻔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﻣــﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﺎﺩﻯ ﭘﻴــﺶ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦﺑﺎﺭ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺯﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺳﺘﻰ ﺩﺭﻙ ﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻧﺸﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺩﮔﺮﮔﻮﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺪﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺩﮔﺮﮔﻮﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺧــﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﮔﺮﮔﻮﻧﻰ ﻫﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﻤﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻳــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﺷــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺳﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﭙﺬﻳﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﭼﺸﻤﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﺯﻭﻓﺮﻭﺩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1395‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺷــﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪1394‬ﻭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠــﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻛﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﭼﺎﺭ ﺍﻓﺖ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺷﻮﻙ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺘﺎﺛﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﻤﺪﺭﺿﺎ ﺭﻋﻨﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻳﺐﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌــﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑــﻰ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻫﻤﮕﻦ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻣﺤﺮﻛﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺳــﺮ ﻣﻰﺑﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺟــﺪﻯ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫــﺎﻯ ‪50‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻡﺷــﺪﻩ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻓﻌــﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻭﺭﺷﻜﺴــﺘﮕﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻬﺪﻳﺪﺍﺕ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺸــﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩﺷــﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺍﺑــﻂ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﭘﺴــﺎﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻧﻔﺲ ﺗﺎﺯﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﻣﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩﺷــﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻭ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﺛﺮﺑﺨــﺶ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪ ﺩﺳــﺖﺍﻧﺪﺭﻛﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯﻫــﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩﻣﺪﺕ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻥﻣــﺪﺕ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺼﺼــﻰ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕــﺮﺍﻥ ﻓﻌــﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺧﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩﺷــﺪﻩ ﻓﺎﺻﻠــﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻧﺴــﺠﺎﻡ ﺑﻪﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺑــﻪ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺷــﺘﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻰ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺻﺪ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰﺷــﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ‪40‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺎﻝ‪ 94‬ﻛﺎﺭﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺭﺧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕــﺮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺒﻴﻦ ﺗﻼﺵ ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪﺟــﺎﻯ ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈــﺮ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻮﺩﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻢ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﻨﺎﻡ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﻭ ‪ 96‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﮋﻭ‪ ،‬ﺭﻧﻮ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺘﺮﻭﺋﻦ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻓﻮﻟﻜﺲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺰ ﻭ ﻫﻴﻮﻧﺪﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻙ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺳــﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻙ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﺸــﺮﻳﺢ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻳﺎﺩﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻗﻄﻊ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴــﻢ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺳﺨﺖﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻡﺷــﺪﻩ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻳﺎﺩﺷــﺪﻩ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺣﻀــﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﺗﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻦ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧــﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮﻩ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳــﺎﺯ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ‪ 120‬ﺭﻭﺯﻩ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫‪40‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻭ ﺑﻪﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ‪40‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺳــﻨﮕﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﺵ ﻛﺸــﻴﺪﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻨﺎﻡ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺴــﻮﻳﻪ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘــﻰ ‪ 30‬ﺭﻭﺯﻩ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻪﻭﺍﺳــﻄﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺯﻭﺩﺗﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻪﺗﻜﺎﻧﻰ ﺳــﺨﺖﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻰ ﻛﻪ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ‪ 3‬ﺩﻫﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺳﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦﺁﻻﺕ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺁﻣﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻳﭽﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺭﺿﺎ ﻧﺠﻔﻰﻣﻨﺶ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷـﻨﺎﺱ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻭ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻠﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﻣﻠﺰﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻼﺵ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦﺷﺪﻩﻓﺮﺍﺗﺮﺭﻭﻧﺪ‪.‬ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯﻛﻴﻔﻰﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻏﺪﻏﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﻣﺮﻩ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻡ ‪30‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮﻑﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟــﻰ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﻰ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺩﺳــﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻡ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻗﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻰ ﻫﻤﻪﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺧﻼﻕ ﺣﺮﻓﻪﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﮕﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺷﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 82‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2055‬‬ ‫‪ 14‬ﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ‪1396‬‬ ‫‪ 5‬ﺭﺟﺐ ‪1438‬‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﺁﻭﺭﻳﻞ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺎﺗﻰ )‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﻧﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻤﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺧﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺩﺑﻴﺮﻛﻞ‪ :‬ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﺩﻫﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺩﺑﻴﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﺠﺘﺒﻰ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫(‬ ‫‪www.sanatnewspaper.com/about.html‬‬ ‫ﻓﻨﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻨﺮﻯ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﻧﺠﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﺮﺩﺍﺩ ﺑﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﮔﻬﻰﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺭﺿﺎ ﺍﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‪ :‬ﻓﺮﻫﺎﺩ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﭼﺎپ‪ :‬ﺑﻴﮋﻥ ﺑﻬﺎﺩﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ‪ :‬ﺣﻤﻴﺪ ﺭﺟﺒﻰ‬ ‫‪http://telegram.me/sanatnewspaper‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮﻳﻪ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﺍﺳﺤﺎﻗﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻛﻼﻥ‪ :‬ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﺷﺎﻳﮕﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‪ :‬ﺍﻣﻴﺮﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻬﺮﺯﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‪ :‬ﺯﻳﻨﺐ ﻋﺒﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‪ :‬ﻣﻴﺘﺮﺍ ﻣﻤﺴﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﻛﺎﻭﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺮﺍﻳﺶ‪ :‬ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪ - 82190 :‬ﻓﻜﺲ‪88713730 :‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺎﻣﻚ‪ -300082190 :‬ﭘﻴﺎﻣﮕﻴﺮ ﺻﻮﺗﻰ‪88105304 :‬‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﮔﻬﻰﻫﺎ‪88722732-3 :‬‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺲ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﮔﻬﻰ ﻫﺎ‪88109733 :‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﻴﻦ‪88722735 :‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪88105309 :‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪88724211 :‬‬ ‫‪www.sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﻧﺸـﺎﻧﻰ‪ :‬ﺗﻬـﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺧﻴﺎﺑـﺎﻥ ﻗﺎﺋـﻢ ﻣﻘـﺎﻡ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﺎﻧـﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻪ ﺁﺯﺍﺩﮔﺎﻥ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪- 26‬ﻛﺪ ﭘﺴﺘﻰ ‪1586733811‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪info@sanatnewspaper.com :‬‬ ‫ﺁﮔﻬﻰ‪ads@sanatnewspaper.com:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪ostanha@smtnews.ir :‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎﭘﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪ :‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﭼﺎپ ﺭﻭﺍﻕ ﺭﻭﺷﻦﻣﻬﺮ ‪64097‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻜﺮ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻰﺑﺮ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻌﻴﺸﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺯﺁﻧﺠــﺎ ﻛــﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﻳــﺖ ﺑﻨﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﺤــﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣــﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻫﻤﺴــﻮ ﺑــﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘــﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺁﻥ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺴــﺐﻭﻛﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﮋﻥ ﭘﻨﺎﻫﻰﺯﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺳــﺖﻭﭘﺎﮔﻴﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕﻣﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻣــﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨــﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺑﺎ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟ ﺟﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫــﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧــﺎﺕ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻳــﻞ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧــﻰ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻀــﻮﺭ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳــﺮﺍ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺍﻣــﺮﻭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﻴــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻫﻰ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﭙﺬﻳﺮﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰﻛﻪ ﺑﺴــﺘﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﺒﻴﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴــﺌﻠﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﻞﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻰ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﺴــﺎﻋﺪﻯ ﺑﺮﺳــﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟــﺖ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ؛ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺛﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧــﻖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻋــﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻣﻰﮔــﺮﺩﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻞ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻫﻤﭽــﻮﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻓﻨــﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺭﺍ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺻــﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﺎﻳﻪﺍﻯ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻛﻨﻴــﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺱ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻓﻨﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺸﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ‪ 1404‬ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻴــﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺗﻨﮕﺎﺗﻨــﮓ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻯﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻣﻨﺴﺠﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳــﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ؛ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚﺷــﺒﻪ ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﻣﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳــﺰﻯ ﺩﻗﻴــﻖ ﻭ ﮔﺎﻡﺑﻪﮔﺎﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺛﺮ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﺭﺕﺁپﻫﺎ ﺩﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺑﺮﺳــﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻳﻦﻛﺎﺭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻜﻞﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺍﻛﺘﻔﺎ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺍﻧﺒﻮﻩﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺭﺳــﺎﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖﭘﺬﻳﺮﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺳــﻨﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺣﺮﻓﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﮔﻔﺘﻦ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺭﻭﺯ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ؛ ﻫﺪﻓﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻓﻨﻰ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﺯﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﻰ ﻭ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻰ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮﻯ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻰ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ« ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ ﻫﺎﺷﻤﻰﻃﺒﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻫﻤﺴﻮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺑﻰﮔﺮﻯ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﺷﺎﻳﮕﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪industry@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻭﻗﻔﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳــﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﻭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻛﻔﺎﻳــﺖ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺗــﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻴﺎ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺷــﻤﻰﻃﺒﺎء‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳــﺮ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺳــﺎﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺎﻧــﻰ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﺍﻛﺘﻔﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩ ﺷــﻜﻞ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣــﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻻﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﻰﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺷــﻮﺩ؛ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﻣﻐﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻥﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻒ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺑﺮﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﻧﻴــﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻫﻤﺴﻮﻯ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺑﻰﮔﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ؟‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺸﻤﻮﻝ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻣﺪﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﻢﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺱ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺛــﺮ ﺁﻥ ﻧﺎﺑﻮﺩﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺣﺰﺏ‬ ‫»ﺗــﻮﺩﻩ« ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺧــﺮﺍﺏﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺎﺑﺴــﺎﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋــﺚ ﺁﺳــﻴﺐ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ؛ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻔﻜــﺮ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﻛﻢﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻔﻜــﺮ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻰﺑﺮ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺿــﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻴﺸــﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑــﺪ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻝ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴــﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﻳﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﮕﻮﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺭﺍﻧﺪﻥ‬ ‫‪ 8‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫــﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻓﺮﺳــﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻧﺴﺎﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺁﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺑﺮﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺷــﻜﻞ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻣﺎﺷــﻴﻦﺁﻻﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﺘﻜﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪1363‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ‪ 2‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1371‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻰ ﺭﻓﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ‪ 5‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻔﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺒﻊ‪ :‬ﺍﻛﻮﻧﻮﻣﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﺴـﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﭼﻄﻮﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ؟‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﺰﻯ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻡ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴــﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﻯ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻘﻄﻪ ﺧﺎﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺘﻜﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺎﻋﺪﺗﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻼﺵ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻧــﻮ ﺑﻨﺎ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﻘﺐﻣﺎﻧــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﮔــﺮ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﺎﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺨﺸــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺘــﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺐ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﭼـﻪ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﻳـﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺗﻔﻜــﺮ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺑــﻰ ﻣﻌﻴﺸــﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﻓﻘﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳــﺖ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ‪6‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻓﻘﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻥ ﺷــﺐ ﻣﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺑﻰ ﻇﻠﻢ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻓﺮﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻯ ﭘﻮﺭﺷــﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﻮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﻮﻝ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻳﻚ ﭘﺎﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﮕﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﻠﻎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻣﻰﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ‪ 6‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﺎﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﭙﺬﻳﺮﻳﻢ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺧﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣــﺮﺩﻡ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﻮﺍﻝ ﻣﻰﺑﺮﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺑﻰﮔﺮﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻫﺮﺍﺳــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺑــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻀﺮﺍﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﺑﻴﻢ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﭘﻴﺸــﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﻴــﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻧﻴﺎﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻓــﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻨﺪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧــﺪﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺻﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ؟ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺵ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺪﺗﺮﻯ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﻴــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰﻩ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﻛﻢ ﺁﺑﻰ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿــﻮﻉ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺭﺍﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺟــﺪﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺭﺍﻧﺖ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺴــﺌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﻕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺭﺍﻧﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳــﻒ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻫﺮ ﭘﻮﻟــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺣﺴــﺎﺏ ﻭ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺩﺳــﺖ ﺁﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺭﺍﻧﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ﺑﺴــﺎﺯﺑﻔﺮﻭﺵﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﺭﺍﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﺤﺴﻮﺱ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳــﻼﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﻴﭻﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺭﺍﻧﺘﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺗﻮﻥ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺷﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ‪ :‬ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬