روزنامه گسترش صنعت شماره 176

‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2149‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪176‬‬ ‫‪http://telegram.me/sanatnewspaper‬‬ ‫‪ 8‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪ 1000 :‬ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪www.sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫‪ 4‬ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺳﻬﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻪﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﺩﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﺩﺳﺎﺯﻯﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ )ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ( ﺩﺭ ﺩﻫﻪ ‪40‬‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺴــﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻬﺎﺩ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻤﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ‪ 5‬ﺩﻫﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﭘﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻰﺷﻚ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﺎﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﻧﻴﻮﺯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻛﻤﺮﻧﮓ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﻢ ﻗﺮﻥ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺸﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 15‬ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ ‪1396‬‬ ‫‪ 13‬ﺫﻯﺍﻟﻘﻌﺪﻩ ‪1438‬‬ ‫‪ 6‬ﺍﻭﺕ ‪2017‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺩﻭﻟﺖﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﻧﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺣﺴــﻦ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﻣﻠﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﺋﻴﻦ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺧﺒﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳــﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﺎﻥ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺋﻴﻦ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴــﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﻳــﻰ ﺑــﻮﺩﻩ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃــﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳــﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻀــﻮﺭ ﺭﻫﺒﺮ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻘــﻼﺏ ﻃــﺮﺡ ﻭ ﺗﺒﻴﻴــﻦ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺣﺴــﻦ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭘﻨﺠﺸﻨﺒﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺭﻳﺸــﻪﻛﻦ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺮ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻈــﺎﻡ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﻔﻆ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻧــﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺯﻳﺒﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺰﮔﺮﺩ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ« ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻃﻔﻠﻰ ‪60‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﺮﻑﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ‪18‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺳﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺳــﻬﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺳﻮﺩﺁﻭﺭﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ‪ 18‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﻤﻰ ﺳــﻦ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷــﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﮕﻰ ﺟﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻓﺰﻭﻥ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﺗﺒﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺣﺎﺋﺰ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪13/5‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺁﻯﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪10‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻧﻘﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪5‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ‪ 12‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 15‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 970‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 1600‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻻﺭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﻰﺑﺮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻳﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ‪ 5000‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 10000‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻛﺸﻒ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ‬ ‫‪ 10‬ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻓﻘﻂ ‪ 3‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻧﻘﺶ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﺩﻩ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻠﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻟﻴﺴــﺎﻧﺲ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﺩﻩ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺖ ‪ WTO‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﺎﻣﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻛﭙﻰ ‪ patent‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺗﻜﺎﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺳﻮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺳﻮﺩ ﻧﻘﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺭﻳﺴﻚ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻫﻰ ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻝ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺒﻰ )ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺐ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ( ﺭﺍ ﻧﺼﻴﺐ ﺳﻬﺎﻣﺪﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩﻯ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻ ﻭ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻗﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺸﻰ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻭ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺒﻞ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻟﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﺒــﺮ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺧﻂ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻛﭙﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ‪ patent‬ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻀﻮ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ‪ WTO‬ﻭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺻﻠﻰﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻗﻮﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺿﻌﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺿﻌﻒ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ‪ ،‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‪ ،‬ﺿﻌﻒ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﻴــﻦ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻏﻴﺮﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﻤــﻰ ﻣﺮﺍﻛــﺰ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﺿﻌﻒ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺴــﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺶﺭﻭﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ )ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺒﺎﻝ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺤﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪﻥ ﺣﻠﻘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺎﺳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻮﺫ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺳــﺮﺍﻧﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﭘﺴﺎﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺑﻴﻤﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺗﻬﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺳــﻠﺐ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ )ﺳﻬﻢ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪55‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺳــﻬﻢ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪45‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺍﺑﺴــﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺗﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ‪59‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪(.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴــﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻜﻰ ﻣﺤﺴــﻮﺏ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻛﻞ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ‪3/5‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻮﺭﺳــﻰ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺍﺑﻮﺭﺳﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺳﻬﺎﻡ ﺷــﻨﺎﻭﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﻧﺤﺼﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺯﻭﻥ ﺳــﻬﺎﻡ ﺷــﻨﺎﻭﺭ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ‪14‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪) .‬ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺳــﺎﺩﻩ ﻳﻚﺩﺭﺻﺪ( ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻫﻰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻭﺯﻧﻰ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻫﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ‪75‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻫﻰ ﻃﻰ ﻣﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ‪ dnaunion‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻛﻞ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﻣﺸــﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﺷــﺎﺧﺺ ﻛﻞ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺗﺎ ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1394‬ﺭﻭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻨﺜﻰ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻧﺰﻭﻟﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪1394‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺻﻌﻮﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﭼﺸﻢ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎ )ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻯ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﺗﻤﻰ( ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻰ ﺷﻔﺎﻑﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﭼﻮﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﻙ ﮔﺸﺎﻳﺸﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﭼﺸﻢ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺍﺭﺯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪﻯ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﺎﺛﺮﺗﺮﻳــﻦ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺟــﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧــﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬ﺻﻨﻌﺘــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺳــﻄﻪ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻳﻜﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﺷﺮﻳﻜﺎﻥ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺖ ﻧﻔﺴﻰ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻗﺪﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﺍﺭﺗﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕﻫــﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺛﺒﺖ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻫﺪﻑﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺳــﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﻛــﺮﺩ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﺰﻩ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﭼﺸــﺎﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪ ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻭ ﺧﺪﺍﺣﺎﻓﻈﻰ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺳــﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺁﻳﺎ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﻫﻢ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺭﻧﮓ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﻰﻛﻨــﺪ؟ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻌــﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﻈــﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻳــﺮ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫــﻢ ﻛﻴﻔﻴــﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑــﺎ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺳﺮﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﭘــﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﻫﻤــﮕﺎﻡ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻴﺮ ﺳــﻴﻢﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺪﻳــﺮﻩ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ« ﺿﻤــﻦ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻧﺪﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻃﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟــﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳــﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺍﺑــﻂ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻳــﺮ ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻣــﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﻜﻢﺗﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪7 .‬‬ ‫ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﻓﺮﺍﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺱ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ )‪ ،(ISQI‬ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺱ ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺒﺮﻳﺪﻯ ﺗﻮﻳﻮﺗﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺖ ﺭﺗﺒــﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯﻫﺪﻑ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺗﻮﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺘﻤﻨﺪﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﻩ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ‪ 6‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪95‬‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﻰ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ‪ 3‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺣﻀﻮﺭﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺗﻠﻔﻨــﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﺗﺒﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ‪ 80‬ﻧﻔﺮ ﭘﺮﺳﺸــﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻨﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﺳﻮﺍﻝﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭ ﻣﺤﺮﻛﻪ ﻭ ﺳﻮﺧﺖﺭﺳــﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﺮﻗﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺷــﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎﻯ ﻳﺎﺩﺷــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻯ ﺯﻳﺮﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳــﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺯﻳﺮﺷــﺎﺧﺺ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯﻯ ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷــﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ ،95‬ﺗﻮﻳﻮﺗﺎ ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺱ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻛﺴــﺐ ‪ 830‬ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺍﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷــﺪﻩ )‪ 820‬ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ(‬ ‫ﺍﺯﺳــﻮﻯ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺱ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺳــﻔﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﻳﻮﺗﺎﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻳﻚ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﺗﺎﻛﻨــﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳــﻚ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﺤﺒﻮﺏ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺳــﺖﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻴﻂﺯﻳﺴــﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺐ ﭘﺮﻓﺮﻭﺵﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺧــﻮﺩﺭﻭﻯ ﻫﻴﺒﺮﻳﺪﻯ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺱ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ‪ 5‬ﺳﺘﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺳﺴــﻪ‪ NHTSA‬ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻤﻦﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺧــﻮﺩﺭﻭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻢﺭﺩﻩ ﻫﺎﻳﺶ ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺗﻮﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺷــﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴــﻪ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﺎﺳــﻰﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻰ ﺩﺭﻳﻚ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻳﻮﺗﺎ ﭘﺮﻳﻮﺱ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﻛﻤﻴﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪ ﺑﺰﻫﻜﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻌﻴﺸﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴــﺪﺍ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﮔﺮﺍﻳﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﻫﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﻴﺪﺗﻘﻰ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻔﺎﺳــﺪ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻠﺖ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﺤﺚ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻞ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻳــﮕﺎﻩ ﻭﻳــﮋﻩﺍﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸــﺎﺕ ﺭﻫﺒﺮ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﻻﺯﻣﻪ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨــﺪﻩ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﻯ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻳﭙﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺁﺛﺎﺭﺵ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﮔــﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﮔﺮﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺰﻫﻜﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﮔــﺮ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻴﺸــﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻧﺸــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺁﺛﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻓﺴﺎﺩ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺭﺷﻮﻩﺧﻮﺍﺭﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘــﻼﻑ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺰﻫﻜﺎﺭﻯﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺸــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻪﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﻫﻜﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﻭ ﺭﻳﺸــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌــﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻴﺸــﺖ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺯﻣﻴﻨــﻪ ﮔﺮﺍﻳﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺸﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ‬ ‫‪ 15‬ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ ‪ 13 1396‬ﺫﻯﺍﻟﻘﻌﺪﻩ ‪ 6 1438‬ﺍﻭﺕ ‪ 2017‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 176‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2149‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻣﺰ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻦ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺭﻳﺸﻪﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﻔﻆ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻗﺪﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺮ ﺯﻳﺒﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﺪﻯﻛﺎﻭﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺸــﺮ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺸــﺮ ﺑــﻪ ﺗﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺯﻣــﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﻳﺶ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯﻫــﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠــﻒ ﻫﺮﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺑــﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺮﺩﺍﺩ ﺳﻴﻔﻌﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻴــﺰﺍﻥ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻏﺮﺏ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠــﺎﺩ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔــﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﭘﻠﻴﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻮﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﺴــﻴﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣــﻮﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻣﺮﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎﻧــﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺗﺼﺎﻋــﺪﻯ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﺩﻣﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫‪4‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﻯ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﺩﻣﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧــﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻫﻔﺘﻤﻴﻦ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺩﻣﺎﻯ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻫﻮﺍ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﻫﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ ﻫﺴــﺘﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﺳﺘﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺯﻳﺴﺖﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺗﺸﻌﺸــﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﻩ ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻭ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺴﺘﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺳﻮﻧﺎﻣﻰ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 2011‬ژﺍﭘﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺸــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﻫﺴﺘﻪﺍﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﺩﺛﻪ ﭼﺮﻧﻮﺑﻴﻞ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭ ﺧﻄﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﺎﺟﻌﻪﺁﻣﻴﺰ ﻫﺴــﺘﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴــﺎﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺳــﻮﺍﻝ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺧﺸــﻰ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻰ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻧــﺮژﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻴــﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺴﺘﻪﺍﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻫﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻧــﻮ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻓﺘﺎﺏﺧﻴﺰﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 300‬ﺭﻭﺯ ﺁﻓﺘﺎﺑﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﻪﻃــﻮﺭ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻰ ‪ 3/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻋﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯﺍﻯ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ‪2‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ‪ 3‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﻯ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻏﻴﺮﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺑــﻮﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﻴﻠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺑــﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﻫﺎ ﻫﺮ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺳــﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺳــﻄﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺑﺶ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺪﺳــﺎﺯﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻜﺮﺭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻓﻐﺎﻧﺴــﺘﺎﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻳﻚ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﻀﻼﺕ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺮ ﻧﻤﻰﺁﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮔﻮﺩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﺧﻴﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻭ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺳــﺖ ﺑﺪﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻏﻴﺮﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﭼﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﻴﻖ‪ ،‬ﺁﺑﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰﻩ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻒ‪ -‬ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻜﻰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻡ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻰ ﻫــﻮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﮔﺎﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻤﺖ ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻠﻰ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻰ ﺑﺮﻭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﺧﺎﺹ‪ ،‬ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰﺑﺨﺸــﻰ ﻭ ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﻣﺰﺍﺭﻉ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺧﻮﺭﺷــﻴﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻡ ﻣﻨﺎﺯﻝ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻫﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺟــﺬﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺴــﻴﻠﻰ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺰﺍﺭﻉ ﺧﻮﺭﺷــﻴﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺸﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﻭ‪...‬‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺷﺎﻳﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ -‬ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﻣﺰﺍﺭﻉ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺁﺏ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺁﺏ ﻛــﻢ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻘﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺯﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﺁﺏ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺁﺏﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﻩ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺷﻜﻰ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﻣﺰﺍﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺁﺏ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﺁﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺏ ﺷــﻮﺭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥﻫﺎﻳــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﺑﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻟﺰﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺒﻰ ﻛﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺣﺘــﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣــﺰﺍﺭﻉ ﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻫﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﮔﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺷــﻴﺪﻯ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻮﻫﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﻬﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺧﺪﺍﻭﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻓﻮﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰﺑﺨﺸﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺸــﻮﻳﻖ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺴــﺖﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺧﺸــﻚ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﻃــﺮﻑ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻗﺪﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﺎﺳــﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﺟﺎﻡﺳﺎﺯ‪ :‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪40‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺁﺣﺎﺩ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺧﻂ ﻓﻘﺮ‬ ‫ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﻣﺤﻤﺪﺣﺴﻦ ﺳﻴﺪﺯﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫‪industry@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﺣﺴــﻦ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﻣﻠــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﺳــﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺧﺒﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬ﺳــﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺭﻭﺳﺎﻯ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﻫﻤــﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ ﺑــﻮﺩﻩ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺭﻫﺒﺮ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﻭ ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺣﺴــﻦ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﻭﺯ ﭘﻨﺠﺸﻨﺒﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﺳــﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴــﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬ﻳﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺭﻳﺸــﻪﻛﻦ ﻛــﺮﺩﻥ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻭ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺗﺎﻛﻴــﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺯﻳﺒﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺗﻰ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ‪56‬‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺭﻓــﻊ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻋﺪﺍﻟــﺖ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﺭﻣﺎﻥﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺘــﺪﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﻘــﻼﺏ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺭﺍﺋــﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻓﻘﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ‪10‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺑﻪ ‪10‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻴﺮ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 25‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 56‬ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪14‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 94‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﺴــﻦ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻳــﻢ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﻛﺎﺭﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺭﺧﺸــﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨــﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠــﺎﺩ ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺖ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺑﺎﺷــﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪:‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋــﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺛﺮﻭﺕ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ ﻭﮔﺮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺮ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺗﻘﺴــﻴﻢ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷــﻐﻞ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﻐﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬــﻮﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺍﺻــﻞ ‪ 44‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳــﻰ ﻭ ﺑــﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻧﻘــﻼﺏ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻢ ﺗﻨﻴﺪﻩ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻭﺍﺭﺙ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﻬﻢ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻗﻠﻰ ﻳﻮﺳﻔﻰ‪ :‬ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻭ‪...‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺴــﺎﻳﮕﻰ ﻫﻢ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺰ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺪ ﭼﺸﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻣﻌﻴﺸﺖ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﻪ ﺭﻫﺒﺮ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻳــﻚ ﺩﻫﻪ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺤــﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻧﻬﻢ ﻭ ﺩﻫﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺭﻡ ‪40‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﻭ ﺭﺷــﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺪﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧــﻮﻥ ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪﻯ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺖ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺳــﻮﺍﻝ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺗﻰ ﺩﺍﻣﻦ ﺯﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺭﺍ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺧﻂ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺧﻂ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ‪ 12‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﻭ ‪ 25‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 30‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮ ﺧﻂ ﻧﺴــﺒﻰ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺑﻪﺳﺮ ﻣﻰﺑﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺭﻫﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ‪ 3‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﻌﻴﺸﺖ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪40 ‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺧﻂ ﻓﻘﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻴــﻦ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﺟﺎﻡﺳــﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﺩﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺶﺭﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﻛﻦ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻓﻘﺮ ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻓــﺮﺍﺭﻭﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤــﺎﻅ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﻭ ﺩﻳﭙﻠﻤﺎﺳﻰ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺤﺚﺑﺮﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻓﻘﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺭﻛﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﺎﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻌﻀﻼﺕ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺣﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻃﺎﻗﺖﻓﺮﺳﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻡ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺗﻠﺦ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻂ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺭﺳﻤﻰ ﺑﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ‪40‬ﺩﺭﺻــﺪ ﺁﺣﺎﺩ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺧــﻂ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﻛــﻪ ﺁﻗﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﻴــﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻡﺳــﺎﺯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴــﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺘﻰ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭﻛــﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﻘــﻼﺏ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺩﺳــﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﻼﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﻬــﺮﻩﻭﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻬﻴﻨــﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫــﺎﻯ ﻧﻬﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺁﺷﻜﺎﺭ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻣﻨﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻫﻤﺴﻮ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺧﺸﻜﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺭﻳﺸﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺴﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ‪ ،‬ﺣﺬﻑ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷــﻴﻮﻩﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﺍﺭﻧــﺪﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﻛﺴــﺐﻭﻛﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺗﻘﻮﻳــﺖ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻳﺸــﻪ ﻛﻦﻛــﺮﺩﻥ ﻓﻘﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻠــﻖ ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺟﻮﺍﻣــﻊ ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺴــﻜﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺗﻬﻴﺪﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﺭﻣﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻤﻚﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻘﺪﻯ ﻭ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻛﺎﻻﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﺸــﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﺁﺣــﺎﺩ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺭﻳﺸﻪﻛﻦ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻘﺪﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻰﺑﺮ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﻪﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﻗﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺩﺭﺳــﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﻫﻢ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﻥ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻠــﻰ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﺩﺭﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻛﻢﻛﻢ ﺍﻗﺸــﺎﺭ ﺗﻬﻴﺪﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻣﻠــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﻧﺘﻴﺠــﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻣﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺍﺳﺎﺳــﻰ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺑــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻈــﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻣﺴــﺘﻀﻌﻒ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻗﻠــﻰ ﻳﻮﺳــﻔﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷــﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﻋﻀــﻮ‬ ‫ﻫﻴــﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻼﻣﻪﻃﺒﺎﻃﺒﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻻﻳــﻞ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌــﻪ ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ ﭼﻪ ﺩﺭ ‪ 4‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭼــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻭﺍﺭﺙ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﺩﺭﻫﻢ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻧﻘــﺶ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻔﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﮔﺎﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺯﺷــﻤﻨﺪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻭ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺴــﺌﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻫــﻢ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋــﻰ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺩﻓﺎﻉ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻮﺳﻔﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫــﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺳــﻨﺨﻴﺖ ﻧــﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩ‪:‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻴــﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺭﻛــﻮﺩ ﺗﻮﺭﻣﻰ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻪ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻋﻮﺽ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮓ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﺻﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺶﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻳــﻚ ﺍﻣﺮ ﮔﺬﺭﺍ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻤﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻــﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﺬﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﺭﭼﻮﺏ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺶﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺻﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺗﻀــﺎﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻣﺸﻜﻞﺳــﺎﺯ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪﺕ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻭﺯﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻮﻟﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﻧﺤﺮﺍﻓﻰ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﭻﻛﺲ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪﻯ ﻧــﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﮕﺮﺵ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻤﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻓﺘــﻦ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻴــﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻤﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪﻯ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄــﻊ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺠﻰ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﻧﻘﺪﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺴﺰﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺛﻤﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﮔﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﻃﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺷــﻬﻴﺪ ﻣﻄﻬﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﺤﺚﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﻤــﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻗــﺮﻥ ‪ 20‬ﺑﻪ ﺳــﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺧﻮﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗــﻼﺵ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﻣــﺎ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﻧﻴﺎﻓﺘﮕﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴــﺢ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺧﻸ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘــﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺳــﻬﻞﺍﻧﮕﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﻣﺘﻔﻜﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺍﻟــﺖ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳــﻦ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺷﺎﺩ ﻣﻮﻣﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﭻ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧــﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺪﻳﺪﻩ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻨﺪﮔﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴــﺌﻠﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺘــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺼﺮﺣﺎﺕ ﻗﺮﺁﻧﻰ ﻫــﻢ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﻠﺴــﻔﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻌﺜﺖ ﺍﻧﺒﻴﺎ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳــﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴــﻦ ﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﺯﻭﺭﮔﻮﻳــﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻰﻋﺪﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻄــﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻧﻈﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸﻮﺍﻯ ﺩﻳﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮﺑﻪﻓﺮﺩ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﮔﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻰ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺧــﻸ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻋﺪﺍﻟــﺖ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻄﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈــﺮ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻗــﺪﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺑﺮﺍﺯ ﺷــﮕﻔﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﺩﻟﻪ ﻭ ﺷــﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻬﻞﺍﻧﮕﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭﻳﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﻬﻞﺍﻧﮕﺎﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻜﻞ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﺩﻭﻛﺴﻴﻜﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺖ ﻣﻰﺯﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﻃﻰﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﻯ ﺳﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﺷــﻮﻙ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺪ ﺩﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺖ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻫﻢ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺳــﺎﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻜﻮﺕ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺴــﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺖ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻨﺪ ﻫﻢ ﻛﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﺩﻭﻛﺴــﻴﻜﺎﻝ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﻃﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﻓﺘﮕﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺷﮕﻔﺘﻰﺁﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻏﻔﻠﺖ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻂ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻰﺩﺍﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺰﺍﺭﻩ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻗﺮﻥ ‪ 21‬ﺳﺨﻦ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪.‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭﺧﺸــﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﺱ ﭘﻴﻜﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﭘﻴﻜﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻮﺟﻪ ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻄﻮﺣﻰ ﻓﺮﺍﺗﺮ ﺭﻓﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻗﺮﻥ ‪ 20‬ﺩﻭ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺧﺎﻧﻤﺎﻥﺳــﻮﺯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷــﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﻴﻜﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺑﻊ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻗﺮﻥ ‪ 21‬ﺭﻭﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﺳﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﺎﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮﻛﻨﻨــﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺑﻌــﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻥﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﺮ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺍﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﻥ ‪ 20‬ﺭﺥ ﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﺁﺑﺴــﺘﻦ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺟﻨﮓﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺩﺍﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﺸــﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺧﻄﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻰ ﺑﻰﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺖ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚﻭﺷﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺸﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 15‬ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ ‪ 13 1396‬ﺫﻯﺍﻟﻘﻌﺪﻩ ‪ 6 1438‬ﺍﻭﺕ ‪ 2017‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 176‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2149‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﺿﺎ ﺭﺣﻤﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﺪﻯﻛﺎﻭﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ« ﺍﺯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﻨﺐ ﻋﺒﺪﻯ‬ ‫‪s.industrial@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﺩﻭﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻁ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺣــﺎﻝ ﺁﻧﻜــﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸــﻴﺪﻩ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻬﻴﻢ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻃــﺮﺡ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﮔﻼﻳﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺪﻩ ﺻﺪﻭﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﺕﻫــﺎﻯ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺍﻗﺴــﺎﻁ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﻴﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻧــﺖ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼــﻚ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺻﻨﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻣﺠﻮﺯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸــﻤﻮﻝ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻮﻑ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻛﻮﭼــﻚ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﺗﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺎﻣﻴــﻦ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺻﻨــﺪﻭﻕ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻛﺴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺛﻴﻘﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺻﻨﻮﻑ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﺭﻳﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ ﭼﺮﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﮔــﺮﻭ ﻓــﺮﻭﺵ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺧﺮﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺴﺎﻃﻰ ﻛﺎﻻ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﭼﻚ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﺭﺕ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈــﻮﺭ ﺣﻤﺎﻳــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨــﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﮕﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣــﺪﺕ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺷــﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻯﻛﻪ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﻮﺯﻳــﻊ ﻛﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻘﻒ‬ ‫‪ 6‬ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳــﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﻘﻒ ‪ 10‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ﻛﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﺗﻜﻠﻴﻒ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪» ‬ﻛﺎﻻ ﻛﺎﺭﺕ« ﺑﺎ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺑﻴﻌﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺭﻓﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻛﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧــﺪ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﺕﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺣﻘــﻮﻕ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻗﻤﻰ ﺑﻴــﻦ ‪ 5‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 10‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻴﻌﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺸــﻨﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧــﻮﺩ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛــﻪ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻛﺎﺭﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑــﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺩﺭﻧﻈــﺮ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻛﻨــﻮﻥ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻛﺎﺭﺕ ﺗﻀﻤﻴــﻦ ﺣﻘــﻮﻕ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗــﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺑﮕﻴﺮﺍﻥ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﻧﺸﺴــﺘﮕﻰ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓــﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧــﺪ ﺭﻗﻤﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 5‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 10‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﻮﻥ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻻ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺕﻫــﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﻣﺎ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﭘﻴﻮﺳــﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﺕﻫﺎ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1395‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻓﺎﺯ ﻧﺨﺴــﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ‪60‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺟــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳــﻖ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪﺑﮕﻴﺮ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺟﺎﺭﻯ ﺷــﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﻄﻪ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺘﺎﺳــﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﺍﺟــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺩﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻰﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺟــﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﻮﻓــﻖ ﻃــﺮﺡ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻛﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﻧﺮﺥ‬ ‫ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻛﻢ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺕﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﺍﻗﺴﺎﻁ ﺩﺭﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺩﻭ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺿــﺎ ﺭﺣﻤﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺋﻢﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻭﺯﻳــﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑــﺮ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻧﻴﻤﻪﺗﻤﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻧﺎﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 96‬ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﺯ ‪ 16‬ﺑﻪ ‪20‬‬ ‫ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫‪ 7‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ‪ 500‬ﺑﻪ ‪ 10‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﻭ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؛‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﻨﺎ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑــﻰ ﺍﺟــﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ‬ ‫‪ 6‬ﺷــﺎﺧﺺ ﺩﺭﻧﻈــﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫــﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﺕ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﭘﺮﻭﻧﺪﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻛﻠﻰ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺭﺣﻤﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳــﻚ ﺗﻘﺎﺿــﺎ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﻥ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ‪ 44‬ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 13‬ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫــﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻳﻚ ﺁﻳﺘﻢ ﻣﺮﺑــﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻳــﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻧﺸﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻢﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻣﺴــﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸــﻨﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿــﻮﻉ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺻــﻼﺡ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪50‬ﺩﺭﺻــﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤــﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺻﻼﺣﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺣﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻧــﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺗﻼﺵﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻂ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻪﺍﻳﻢ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻌﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘــﻰ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳــﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺩﺭﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻴﻄﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺳــﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﭘﻮﻝ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘــﻪ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﺳــﺎﻥ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭼﻚﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﺮﮔﺸــﺘﻰ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺴــﺎﻁ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﻧﺎﺩﻳﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻪﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑــﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﺣﺘــﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺳــﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨــﺪﻯ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﮔﻼﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺩﻳﺪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﻣــﺮﺩﻡ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻘﺪﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻴﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻀﺎﻯ ﺗﻔﺎﻫﻤﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻴﺮﻛﻮ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺴﭙﺎﺭ ﺳﭙﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺮﻩﺟﻨﻮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻳــﺪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼــﻚ ﻛﺮﻩﺟﻨﻮﺑﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﻛﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﻣﻴﺮﻛﺒﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻔﺎﻫﻤﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻻﺳﺘﻴﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﻛﻪ )ﻣﻴﺮﻛﻮ( ﻭ ﻓﻦﺑﺴﭙﺎﺭ ﺳﭙﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ‪ DY ELACEN‬ﻛﺮﻩﺟﻨﻮﺑﻰ ﺍﻣﻀﺎﻯ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺧﺒﺮﻧﮕﺎﺭ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺴــﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﻩﺟﻨﻮﺑﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ‪ 40‬ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ‪ 9‬ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺮﻩﺟﻨﻮﺑﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ ﻧﻮﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺷﻜﻮﻓﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺎﺩ ﺗﻔﺎﻫﻤﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺷــﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻛﺮﻩﺟﻨﻮﺑﻰ‬ ‫)‪ (SMBA‬ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻟﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺮﻩﺟﻨﻮﺑﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺷﻴﻼﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂﺯﻳﺴــﺖ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺯﻧﺒﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﻮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻪﮔﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﻔﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﺷــﻴﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻻﺳــﺘﻴﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﻛﻪ )ﻣﻴﺮﻛﻮ( ﻭ ﻓﻦﺑﺴــﭙﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺳــﭙﺎﻫﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﺟﻠﺴﺎﺕ ‪ B2B‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣــﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ‪ ،DY ELACEN‬ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﻻﺳﺘﻴﻜﻰ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻭﻩﺑــﺮ ﺭﻛــﻮﺩ ﺗﻮﺭﻣــﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼــﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑــﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺒﺘــﻼ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺑــﺎ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺑﻰﺛﺒﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﻳﻢ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺗﻼﺷــﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺭﻭﻧــﺪ ﻣﺜﺒﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﻏﻼﻣﺮﺿﺎ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺭﻳﺸﻪﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴــﻢ ﻭ ﺑــﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺑﺮﺳــﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺖ ﺳــﻬﻢ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪﻯ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺳــﻬﻢ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨــﺪﻯ ﻳﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑــﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻧﻜﺮﺩ؛ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻛﺴــﺐﻭﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻰﺑﺮ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﺍﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺑﺸﻨﺎﺳﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺳﺎﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻮﻙ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻴــﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﭼــﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﺩﺷﮕﺮﻯ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﺮﺳﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻴﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺸــﺮﻓﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑــﻮﺩ‪95 .‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺘﺎﺳــﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺷﺒﻜﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻧﺨﻮﺭﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳــﻰ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺷــﺒﻜﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ‪80‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺷﺒﻪﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺟﺎﻣــﻊ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳــﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 14‬ﺗﺎ ‪15‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺩﺭﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺘﺎﺳــﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕﺩﻫﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮﺥ ﺳﻮﺩ ‪ 20‬ﺗﺎ ‪24‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﭼﺮﻣﺸﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴــﺲ ﻫﻴﺎﺕﻣﺪﻳــﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻙ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﭼﺮﻣﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺁﻻﻳﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣــﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺤﻴﻂﺯﻳﺴﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺰﺩﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﻳﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﻛﻔﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶﻫــﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺟــﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺸــﺮﻓﺘﻪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴــﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺪﺭﺭﻓﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑــﻊ ﺁﺏ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﺰﺩﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻰ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻴﻂﺯﻳﺴﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﻫﺮ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺴــﺖﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﺗﺎﻛﻴــﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻰ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﺤﻴﻂﺯﻳﺴﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺩ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺯﻳﺴﺖﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﻳﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺤﻌﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺯﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻓﻨﻰ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭ ﺷــﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻰ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺯﺍﺩﻩ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻃﺮﺡ ﻣﺪﻭﻝ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﺷﻬﺮﻙ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﭼﺮﻣﺸﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﻭﻥ ﺑﺮ ‪180‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺟﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﻙ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﭼﺮﻣﺸﻬﺮ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﻙ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﭼﺮﻣﺸﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ‪3‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻓﻨﻰ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺷــﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ‪73‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﻬﺮﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺯﻳﺮﭘﻮﺷــﺶ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺸﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 15‬ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ ‪ 13 1396‬ﺫﻯﺍﻟﻘﻌﺪﻩ ‪ 6 1438‬ﺍﻭﺕ ‪ 2017‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 176‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2149‬‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻰ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺪﻫﺎﻳــﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺁﻧﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻋﻤــﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑــﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻗﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﻴﻪ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻤــﻞ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﺁﻥﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﮕﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻌــﺎﻻﻥ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓــﺖ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻗﻮﻯ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺤــﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺳــﺎﺯﻭﻛﺎﺭ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺷــﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﻫﻢ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻫﻢ ﭘﺎﻙﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻫﻢ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳﺎﺯﻯ؛‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺴــﺎﻡ ﺁﻥ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻰ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﭘﺴــﻤﺎﻧﺪ ﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺁﻥ ﻫﻢ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺷﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﭘﺴــﻤﺎﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺷــﻮﺩ؛ ﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺯﻝ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺤﻴﻂﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺷــﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﺼــﻞ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨــﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻳــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺷــﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺳــﺨﻦ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﭘﺬﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻴﻂﺯﻳﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺷــﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺷــﻴﻮﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺮﻏﻴﺐ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪﺯﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺯﻩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻨﺴﺎﻧﺘﺮﻩ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﺏ ﭘﻨﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ‪ 100‬ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﻛﻨﺴﺎﻧﺘﺮﻩ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻨﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺏ ﭘﻨﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 100‬ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻟﺒﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﺎﻻﻧﻪ ‪ 450‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗــﻦ ﭘﻨﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺠــﻢ ﺁﺏﭘﻨﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ‪ 2‬ﺗﺎ‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺳــﻮ‪ ،‬ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺁﺏﭘﻨﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺿﺮﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺭﻫﺎﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺖ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﺴــﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰ ﺯﻳﺴــﺖﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺏﭘﻨﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻨﺴــﺎﻧﺘﺮﻩ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟــﺐ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺍﺭﺯﺵﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻨﻰ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺑﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﻤﻪﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ‪ 100‬ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﻛﻨﺴﺎﻧﺘﺮﻩ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻨﻰ ﺁﺏﭘﻨﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻛﻨﺴﺎﻧﺘﺮﻩ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﺁﺏﭘﻨﻴﺮ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺁﺏﭘﻨﻴﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﻫﻀﻢ‪ ،‬ﺣﻼﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ ژﻝ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺯﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻛﻒ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻰ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻟﺒﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﻮﺷــﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻮﺷــﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻧــﻰ ﻭ ﻻﻛﺘﻮﺯ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺏﭘﻨﻴﺮ ﺑﻪﺩﺳــﺖ ﻣﻰﺁﻳــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﻳﺎ ﭘﻮﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺳــﺘﺮﺱ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﻋﻤﻞﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﺌﻴﻦ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻨﺴﺮﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﻣــﺎﺩﻩ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻙ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻨﺴــﺮﻭﻯ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ‪ 20‬ﺛﺎﻧﻴــﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺘﺎﺩ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺎﺳــﺖﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻴﺮﺯﺍﺟﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻙ ﺑﻴﺴﻔﻨﻮﻝ ‪ A‬ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻗﻮﻃﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻨﺴــﺮﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﻰ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻙ ﺑﻴﺴــﻔﻨﻮﻝ ‪ A‬ﺩﺭ ﻏﺬﺍﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺴﺮﻭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺷﻴﺪﻧﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻇﺮﻑﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﺑﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺸــﺨﻴﺺ ﻭ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻼﺵ ﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻳﻚ ﺯﻳﺴﺖﻧﺎﻧﻮﺣﺴﮕﺮ ﺍﺭﺯﺍﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺭﻓــﻊ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺴــﮕﺮ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺟﺎﻟﺐ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻳﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪» :‬ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺴﮕﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸــﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 3‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺒﻮﻩ ﺑﺮﺳــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺴﮕﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﭘﻴﺸــﻨﻬﺎﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﻛﻞ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺴــﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺒﻠﻐﻰ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﻥﺑﺮ ‪ 20‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﺷﻜﺎﺭﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪ ‪ 20‬ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺣﺴﮕﺮ ﻓﻘﻂ ‪3‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺣﺘﺴــﺎﺏ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ‪ 50‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺳﺘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂﺯﻳﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﻛﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻰ ﺍﻳﻤﻦ ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﻳﻚ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﻼﺻﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫‪s.industrial@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﻮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺷــﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﻨــﻮﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﺤﻴﻂﺯﻳﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰﻫــﺎ ﻭ ﺿﺮﺭﻫﺎﻳــﻰ ﻛــﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻳﺠــﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺴــﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳــﻚ ﺗﺎﻛﻴــﺪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺣﺘــﻢ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﭼــﻮﻥ »ﻭﺭﻣــﻰ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ« ﻳﺎ »ﺑﻴــﻮ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ« ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺷــﻨﻴﺪﻩﺍﻳﺪ؛ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻋﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺴﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﺨﻴﺰﻯ ﻭ ﻏﻨﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺧﺎﻙ ﺩﺍﺭﻧــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﺩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﭘﻴﺸــﺮﻓﺘﻪﺗﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧــﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻮ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺁﻟﻰ ﻓﺮﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺨﻤﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺴــﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻟﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻟﻰ )ﺳــﺒﺰﻳﺠﺎﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻮﻩﻫــﺎ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﻭ ﺑﻘﺎﻳــﺎﻯ ﺑــﺎﻍ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺭﻙ )ﺑــﺮگ ﺩﺭﺧﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﮔﻞﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴــﻦ ﺿﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﮔﻞﻓﺮﻭﺷــﻰﻫﺎ( ﻛﻪ ﺣﺎﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﮔﻴﺎﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺧﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺑﺨﺸــﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻰ ﭘﺴــﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻟﻰ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺒــﺪﺍ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ ﻣﻰﻧﺎﻣﻨﺪ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﭘﺴــﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﮔﺎﻧﻴﺴــﻢﻫﺎ )ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺍﺭﮔﺎﻧﻴﺴــﻢﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﭙﻚﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺭچﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮﻯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻛﺮﻭﺍﺭﮔﺎﻧﻴﺴــﻢﻫﺎ ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺮﻡﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﺗﺪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻻﺭﻭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﺸﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ‪ (...‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﻛﺸــﺖ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺍﺭﮔﺎﻧﻴﺴــﻢ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟــﻮﺩﺍﺕ ﺑــﻪ ﺁﺏ‪ ،‬ﻫﻮﺍ ﻭ ﻏﺬﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺯﻧﺪﮔــﻰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻏﺬﺍﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻬﻴــﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻛﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﻛــﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻬﻴــﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺑﺎﺭﻧﺪﮔﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻯ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺁﺏﺩﻫﻰ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻫﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻭ ﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺳــﺮﺍﻍ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖﻫﺎ ﺭﻓﺘﻪﺍﻳﻢ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺯﮔﻰ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺳــﺮﻳﻊ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﭘﺴــﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﺷــﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻛﻮﺩ ﺯﻳﺴــﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﻀﻼﺕ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﺸــﺮﻯ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺒﻮﻫﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﭘﺴــﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺷــﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪ 800‬ﮔــﺮﻡ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫‪ 75‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻧــﻰ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧــﻪ ‪ 6‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻦ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻻﻧﻪ ‪20‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻦ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﺷــﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺩﻓﻦ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥﻫﺎ ﺗﻦ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﭘﺴــﻤﺎﻧﺪ ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻣﭙﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻴــﻞ ﻛﺎﻩ ﻭ ﻛﻠﺶ ﻭ ﺑﺎﮔﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﺷــﺎﺧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺭﺧﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﺴــﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺑﻰﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﺳﻮﺯﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺴﺖﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻥ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺳﺘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂﺯﻳﺴﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﭘﺴــﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﻰ ﻛﻮﺩ ﺁﻟﻰ ﺍﻳﻤﻦ ﻣﻮﺳــﻮﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺧﻼﻑ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻀﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻪﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪﻯ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻨﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻠﻜــﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ .‬ﻏﻼﻣﺮﺿﺎ ﺻﺎﻟﺤﻰﺟﻮﺯﺍﻧﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻮﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺑﻰ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻜﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻮﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ )ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 6‬ﻣﺎﻩ( ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑــﻮﻯ ﺑﺪ ﻭ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻀﻼﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻋﻨــﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻠﺒﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳــﻰ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺴﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻮﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﻰ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺳــﺮﻳﻊ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺯﻳﺴــﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 86‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﻜﺪﻩ ﺑﻴﻮﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺳــﺮﻳﻊ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 90‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﻏﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﮔﺎﺱ ﻧﻴﺸﻜﺮ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﻀﻼﺕ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﺸــﻜﺮ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ ﻏﻨﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻩ ﻭ ﻛﻠﺶ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷــﻤﺎﻝ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﮔﺎﻣﻰ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﻮﺩ ﺁﻟﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﺎﻙﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻏﻰ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺪﻩﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ ﺍﺯ ‪ 6‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﺑــﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻛﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯﺯﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻮﻯ ﻧﺎﻣﻄﺒﻮﻉ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﻛﻮﺩﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻠﻰ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪ ﭼﺸــﻤﮕﻴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﻜﺪﻩ ﺑﻴﻮﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺮ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﻴﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ ﺳﺮﻣﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻓﻨﻰ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂﺯﻳﺴــﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥﭘﺮﺱ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘــﻪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 70‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺬﺭ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺴــﻜﻮﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ژﺍﭘﻦ ﻭ‬ ‫ﭼﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺪﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻳﻬﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺘﺮ ﻫﻮﺷــﻤﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ژﺍﭘﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻯ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ‪ 3‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺣﺠــﻢ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‪ ،‬ﻧــﻮﻉ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﻮﺷــﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺧﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺩﮔﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﻜﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﮔﻔﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻧﻮ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺘﺮ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﻃﺮﻓﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻰ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﻫــﻢ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﻛــﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺷــﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﻭﻗﺘﻰ ﺍﻧﺒﻮﻩ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺖ ﺭﻫﺎ ﺷــﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪ ﺿﺮﺭ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻧﻮ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻢﻫﺰﻳﻨــﻪ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺴــﻨﺎ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳــﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻓــﻊ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳــﻨﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﺯﻧﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﮔﻴﻼﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺳﺮﺷﻤﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 85‬ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ‪ 350‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭﻧــﺪ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ‪ 140‬ﺗﻦ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻟــﻪ ﺗﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺳﻴﺴــﺘﻢ ﺩﻓﻊ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻮﻟﻰ ﺯﺑﺎﻟــﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺖ ﮔﻴﻼﻥ ﺭﻫــﺎ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺴــﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺖ ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻯ ﮔﻴــﻼﻥ‪ ،‬ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪﺩﺍﻥ ‪ 51‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻦ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺗﺮﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﻴﻼﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺷﺖ ﻫﺮ ﺗﻦ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺮ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ‪200‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺩﺭﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﭼﻮﻥ ﻫﺮ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺩﻓﻦ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺳــﺎﻳﺖ ﮔﻴﻼﻧﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻮﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻴﺎﻥ ﮔﻴﻼﻧﻰ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝﺣﺎﺿﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺯﺭﺍﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ‪ 85‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻦ ﻛﻮﺩ ﺷــﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ‬ ‫‪ 85‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺭﻳﺎﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺰﺍﺭﻉ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻍﻫﺎﻯﺷــﺎﻥ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪25‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻮﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﺻﺮﻓﻪﺟﻮﻳﻰ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴــﻢ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﻳﺪ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻰ ﭘﺴــﻤﺎﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻟــﻪ ﭼﻪ ﺗــﺮ‪ ،‬ﭼﻪ ﺧﺸــﻚ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂﻫﺎﻯ ﺷــﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺳــﻨﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﺍﻧﻪ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﺎﺭﺁ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﻇﻢ ﻣﻠﺒﻮﺑﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻛــﻮﺩ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻮﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳــﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻓﻨﻰ ﻧﻴــﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻧــﻮﻉ ﻛﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺗﺮﻭﻳﺞ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻨﺪ‪ 50 .‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﺮﻭﻳﺞ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻢﺍﻳﻨﻚ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻛﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﻨﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺳﺘﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻣﻮﻇﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﻮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺷــﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﻣﺼــﺮﻑ ﻛﻮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻟﻰ ﻭ ﺯﻳﺴــﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﺁﻟﻰ ﺧﺎﻙ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﻛﺸــﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﺮﺳــﺎﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻮﺩ ﺁﻟﻰ ﺑﻴﻮﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﭘﺴــﻤﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺁﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﻰ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺟﺪﻯﺗﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺿﺮﺑﻪﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻓﻮﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﻛﺎﻣﭙﻮﺯﻳﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺮ ﻣﺪﺕﻫﺎﻯ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﺩﺭﺻﺪﺩ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺧﻠﻞ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺝ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻩ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻓﻠﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻩ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﺪﺍﻳﺶ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻪ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺳــﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻠﺰﺍﺕ ﺳــﻠﻮﻟﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻓﻮﻡ ﻓﻠﺰﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺻﻮﺗﻰ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺟﺬﺍﺑﻴﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻮﻡ ﻓﻠﺰﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺒﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﻜﻰ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺖ ﺟﺎﺫﺏ ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺻﻮﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻳــﺐ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻭ ﺣﺘــﻰ ﺭﻭﻏﻦﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﻄﻌــﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﻴﻮﻡ ﺷــﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻠﻰﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻮﻡ ﺁﻥ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﺗﻮﻣﺒﻴﻞ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺍﻓﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺯﮔﻰ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺳﻤﻨﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﻰ ﻓﻮﻡﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻧﻮﻛﺎﻣﭙﻮﺯﻳﺖ ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﻴﻮﻣﻰ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺿﺮﺑﻪﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻭ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌــﺮﺽ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜــﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳــﻴﺪﻣﻬﺪﻯ ﺣﺴــﻴﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﺮﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﻫﺎﻳــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺮﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻳﻰ ﻓﻮﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﻴﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺳﻴﻠﻴﺴــﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﻴﺪ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻨﻮﺍﺧﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻓﻠﺰﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻰ‪ -‬ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻰ ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺪﻩ ﺷــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣــﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺳﻴﻠﻴﺴــﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﻴــﺪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻓﻠﺰﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻓﻮﻡ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ‪ .‬ﺣﺴﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻓﻮﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻠﺰﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭ ﺷﺪ‪ :‬ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺗﺤﺖﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﻓﻮﻡﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳــﺘﻪ ﻧﻮﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻓﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺴــﺮﻯ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﻪ ﺣﻔﺮﻩﻫﺎ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻔﺮﻩﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺸﺄ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻰ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺳــﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﻡ ﺍﻳﻔﺎ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭ ﺷﺪ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺳﻴﻠﻴﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺑﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﻓﻮﻡ ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﻴﻮﻣﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺣﺴــﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﻫﺎ ﺧﺎﻃﺮﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺶﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻓﻮﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻧﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﻯ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﻓﻮﻡﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻮﺭﻩ ﭘﻴﺶﮔﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﻛﺎﻣﭙﻮﺯﻳﺘﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺳﺨﺘﻰﺳــﻨﺠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳﻘﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺸــﺎﺭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺧﻤﺶ ﺳــﻪﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑــﻰ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﻣﻴﺮﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺩﺍﻝ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻋﻼﻭﻩﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻰ ﻓﻮﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻮﺯﻳــﻊ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺳﻴﻠﻴﺴــﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﻴﻮﻣﻰ ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﺳــﻜﻮپ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻰ ﺭﻭﺑﺸــﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﮕﺮ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﺳــﻤﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻳﻜﻨﻮﺍﺧﺖ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺳﺮﺍﻣﻴﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻠﻴﺴــﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺳــﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺗﺮﻙﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻮﻡﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻧﻮﻛﺎﻣﭙﻮﺯﻳﺘﻰ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻮﻡﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﻧﺴــﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﻓﺸﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ‪ 48‬ﺭﺻﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺮژﻯ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ‪35‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﺹ ﻣﻴﺮﺍﮔﺮﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﻌﺎﺵ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬ ‫‪77‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻮﻡ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺁﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﻴﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺸﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫‪ 15‬ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ ‪ 13 1396‬ﺫﻯﺍﻟﻘﻌﺪﻩ ‪ 6 1438‬ﺍﻭﺕ ‪ 2017‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 176‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2149‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ »ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ« ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺮ‬ ‫‪ 4‬ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫‪infrastructure@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺳــﻬﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﺩﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﺩﺳــﺎﺯﻯﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ )ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ( ﺩﺭ ﺩﻫﻪ ‪ 40‬ﺷﻤﺴــﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻬﺎﺩ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻤﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ‪ 5‬ﺩﻫﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺖ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫــﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﭘﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻰﺷــﻚ ﻧﻘﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﺎﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﻧﻴﻮﺯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻛﻤﺮﻧﮓ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴﻢ ﻗﺮﻥ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﻴﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺁﻧﭽﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﺭﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺭﺧﺸﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻀﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﻧﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ‪،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻰ ﮔﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻰ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷــﻴﻤﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻰ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷــﻴﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳﻔﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺯﻳﻞ ﻭ ﻣﺸــﺎﻭﺭ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻔــﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﻛﻬﻨﻪﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮﻳــﻰ ﺻﻤﻴﻤﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺟﻬﺖﮔﻴﺮﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳـﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷـﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫــﺮ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻘــﻼﺏ‪ ،‬ﺟﻬﺖﮔﻴﺮﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺭﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺭﻭﺳﺘﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺩﻓﺎﻋﻰ ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺁﺳﻴﺐﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﻰ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻠﺴــﻔﻪ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺁﻓﺖ ﺩﻭﻣﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﻓﺘــﺎﺭ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻛﻢ ﻛــﺮﺩﻥ ﺣﻴﻄﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻴــﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺘﻰ ﻃﻠﺐ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺳــﻮﻡ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﻬﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ؛ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺯﻳﺮﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺖ ﻓﻨﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻬﺪﺍﺕﺷﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‪ ،‬ﭘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗــﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﭘﻮﻝ ﻧﻤﻰﺩﻫﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺤﺜﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻨﺠﺎﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺲ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻤﻴﺪﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭﺑﺮﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺪ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻢ‪ .‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﻧﻌﻤﺖﺯﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷــﻴﻤﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺘﺎﺑﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﭘﺘﺮﻭﺷﻴﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ‪ 10‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ‪ 50‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻦ ﺭﺳﻴﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺣﺼﺎ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ؛‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺮﻩ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﻭ ﺟﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺟﺴــﺎﺭﺕ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻧــﺪﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﻮﺍﻝ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ‪50‬‬ ‫ﻫــﺰﺍﺭ ﺧــﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻨــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳــﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ؛ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺨﺶﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺳــﺮﺍﻍ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺼﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭﻯ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ؛ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺳــﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺳﺮﺍﻍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﮕﻮﻳﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﺳــﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺱﻫــﺎ ﻋﻼﻗﻪﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻳــﻚ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﺻﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺪ؛ ﭘﺲ ﺭﻭﺳــﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ‪ 50‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﻛﻨﻨــﺪﻩ ﺳــﺮ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻪ ﺑﺰﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳــﻦ ﻻﺯﻣﻪ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺰﺭگ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﻤﺖ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺭﻧﻮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ ‪3‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﺭﻧﻮ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻬﺎﻡ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ‪ 10‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؛‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻤﭙﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺳــﻮﻣﻴﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺩﻧﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﻣﻴﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯ ﺳــﻬﺎﻡ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻻﺩﺍ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺘﺴﻮﺑﻴﺸــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻭﭘﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺴــﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﭘــﮋﻭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 500‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﺳﻘﻒ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻬﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺩﻏﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﻻﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺳــﻴﺘﺮﻭﺋﻦ ‪ 450‬ﺗــﺎ ‪ 500‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻻﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﭼﺎﻧﻪﺯﻧﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸــﺎﺭﻛﺘﻰ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨــﺪﻯﺍﺵ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻎ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗــﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺳــﻮﻡ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﭘﺴــﺎﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﺷــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺑﺎ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺭﻧﻮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﺪﺭﻭ ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻯ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﻬﻢ ‪ 40-60‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ‪60‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ؟‬ ‫ﺳــﻬﻢ ﺭﻧﻮ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻛﻤﻰ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺁﻣﺪﻡ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗــﻊ‪ ،‬ﻣــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻢ؛ ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻰ ﺍﻓــﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﻚ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺯﺣﻤﺖ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟــﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻴﺎﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺧﻮﺵﺷﺎﻧﺴﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﻫﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪900‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺗﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ ﺩﻻﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻳﻚ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﻃﻼﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻓﻮﻟﻜﺲ ﻭﺍﮔﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ؛ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﮔﻔﺖ ﺑﻨﺎ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﻨﺠﻤﻴــﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﻮﻧﺪﺍﻳﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻨﺎ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﻓﺘﺢﺍﻟﻔﺘﻮﺡ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺷﺸﻤﻰ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﻳﻤﻠﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺣــﻞ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﻳﻚ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺮﺍﻭﺩﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻘﺎﺏﺍﻓﺸــﺎﻥ ﻫﻢ ﻫﻔﺘﻤﻴﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻧﺪﻩ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺖ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺬﺍﻛــﺮﻩ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻧﺮﺳــﻴﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻧﻢ ﭘﺮﺳﻴﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ؟ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗــﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻧــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﺕ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻧﻴﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺗﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪7 ،84‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧــﺪ ﻭﻟﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺬﺍﻛــﺮﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ‪ 19‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؛‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻚ ﻭ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨــﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻰ ﻫﺮ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳــﻂ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﭘــﺲ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺘﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻳﻚ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺳﻮﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺷﺪ؛‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﻚ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻟﻮﻛﺲ ﻭ ﺗﺠﻤﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﻚ ﻧﻜﻨﻴــﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﺍﺕ ﺍﻳــﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻧﻤﻰﺁﻳﺪ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺟﺰﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺧــﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ‪ 15‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺟﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺩﻳﻢ؛ ﺩﺭﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺎﻩ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻚ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﺭﻳﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛــﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻝﻫﺎﻳــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴــﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻰﺩﺭﻳــﻎ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﻧﻌﻤﺖﺯﺍﺩﻩ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﺻﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﻓﺸــﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻰﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺗﺸــﻜﺮ ﻛﻨﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺳﻬﺎﻣﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺍﺻــﻼﺡ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ؛ ﻫﻤﺎﻥﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﭙﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﻟﻰ ﭼﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻨﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﺎ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ؛ ﭘﺲ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﻓﺸــﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ؛ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﻤﺖ ﺭﻓﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻳﺸﺎﻥ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻧﻴﺘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻠﺐ ﻣﺸــﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﺗﺸــﻮﻳﻖ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴــﻢ؛ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤــﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸــﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﭙﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﻳــﺪﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﻋﻘﺎﺏﺍﻓﺸﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ؛ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽــﻮﻥ ﺻﺪﺭﺍ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﻭﻧــﺪﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﺍﻳﻜﻮ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳــﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﺒــﺎﻝ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭﻟﻰ ﺁﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺁﻳﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﺻﺪﺭﺍ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺰﻭﺍﻳﻜــﻮ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻳﻚ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻧﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﻭ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﺎ ﭘﮋﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺳــﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭼﺮﺍ ﺑــﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺑﺴــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ‪ 50-50‬ﺭﺍ ﻛﺴﺐ ﺑﺨﺶﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﻯﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻛﺸﺘﻰﺳﺎﺯ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻙ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻳــﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﭼﺮﺍ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸــﺘﻴﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻣﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺯﮔﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ)ﭘﮋﻭ ‪ (2008‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺮﺍﻳﺶ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺸــﺘﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﺭﻭﺯ ‪ 16‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﺑﺮﻧﺪ؟‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭﻟﻰ ﺿﻌﻒﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺘــﻰ ﻓﺮﻭﺧــﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻫــﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳــﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭼﺮﺍ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺳــﺎﻳﭙﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﻴﺘﺮﻭﻭﺋﻦ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻪ ﻛﺸــﺘﻴﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻔﺎﺭﺵ ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪ 50-50‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﻰ ﻛﺸﺘﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺎﺳــﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻳــﻢ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ ،2018‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻔﺎﺭﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯ ﻫﻢ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ‪ 4‬ﺳــﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ‪ 10‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﻛﺮﻩﺍﻯﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﭼﻚ ﻛﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻭﻉ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻛﺸﺘﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻮﻝﭘﻴﻜﺮ ﻣﻰﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻛﻨــﻮﻥ ﺟﻠﻮﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻫــﻢ ﺑﮕﻮﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻧﮕﻴﺮﻳﻢ ‪50‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻫﻢ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺟﺎ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩﺍﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﺸــﺎﺭﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸــﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﺳﻪﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠــﻰ ﻧﻔﺘﻜﺶ ﻭ ﻛﺸــﺘﻴﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺍﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﺷــﺮﻳﻚ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺳــﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩﺍﻳﻢ ﻭ ﻳﻚ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺲ ﻭ ﺷــﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﻪﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ؛‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻛﺸﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺸــﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳــﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺁﻏــﺎﺯ ﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺣﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ ﻫﻢ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺩﻭ ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﮔﻦ ﻣﺴــﺎﻓﺮﺑﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻰ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﻟﻜﻮﻣﻮﺗﻴﻮﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻗﻄﺎﺭ ﺷﻬﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺭﻳﻠﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻨﺎﺩ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺼﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ‪ 1/5‬ﻣﺎﻩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺷﺮﺍﻛﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰﻫﺎ ﻣﺸــﺨﺺ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬــﻮﺭﻯ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﺭﻳﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸــﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻰ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻫﻢ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺯﮔﻰ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺳﻮﻡ ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑــﻪ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺎﺯ ‪18‬ﭘﺎﺭﺱ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺯ ‪14‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺗﺎ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ؛‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻛﺘﺸــﺎﻑ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻳﻢ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫــﺎﻯ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻳﻚ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ »‪ «E&P‬ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺟﻴﺴــﺘﺮ ﺷــﻮﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺷــﺮﻭﻉ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺷــﺮﻳﻚ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻭ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻃــﺮﺡ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ‪ 500‬ﻣﺪﻳــﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻼﺱ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻳــﻢ ﻭ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓــﺮﺍﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ ﺳــﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺰﻳﻨﺲ ﺍﺳﻜﻮﻻﻯ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺭﻭﭘﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪50‬ﻧﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺎﻡ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺛﺒﺖﻧــﺎﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ ﺗــﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺭﺍﻧﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺷــﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1396‬ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪10‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺷﻐﻞ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺿﻌﻒﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻯ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ؟‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺨﺶﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﻤﺖ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺮﺍﻳﺶ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭﻟﻰ ﺿﻌﻒﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻠﺴــﻔﻪ ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﻧﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘــﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻫﻢ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪﺍﻯ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺷـﻤﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﭼﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻰ ﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﺪ؟‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻧﻤﻰﺩﺍﺩﻡ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﻣﺎﻧﺪﻡ ﻭﻟﻰ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﻣﻰﺷﺪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺍﻳﻦﻃﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻫﻢ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﺳــﺘﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺧﻂ ﻭ ﻣـﺮﺯ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻛﺠﺎﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨــﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺘﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳــﻢ‪ .‬ﻣﺎ ﻫﺮ ﺟﺎ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺑﺨﺶﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺸــﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﻳﻢ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﮕﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻــﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺑﻠﻜــﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷـﺖ ﻧﻴﻢ ﻗﺮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭼﻄﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؟‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻣﻮﺭﻳﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖﻣﺤــﻮﺭ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺑﻴﺎﻭﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺨﺶﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺩﺭ ﭼﺸـﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ﺁﻳﻨـﺪﻩ ﺁﻳـﺎ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳـﺪﺭﻭ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﺩﻳﺪ؟‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻡ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺗﺼﺪﻯ ﺟﺪﻯ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻼﺵ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺷﺎﺋﺒﻪﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺗﺼﺪﻯﮔﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩ ﺳﻘﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ‪ 8‬ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴــﻦ ﺑﻴﮕﻠﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺳــﻘﺰ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺳﻘﺰ ﻭ ﺷــﻤﺎﻝ ﻏﺮﺏﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥﻏﺮﺑﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫‪ 8‬ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﻥﺑﺮ ‪2‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﻘﺰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻛﺒﺮ ﻭﺭﻣﻘﺎﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺳــﻘﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺳﻘﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﻬﺮ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﺯ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻛﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺴــﺮﻳﻊ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﻘﺰ ﺯﺣﻤﺖ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻴــﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 13‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﺎﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩ ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺳــﻘﺰ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻳﻜــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻖ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺳــﻘﺰ ﻭ ﺷــﻤﺎﻝ ﻏﺮﺏ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥﻏﺮﺑــﻰ ﻭ ‪ 8‬ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﻥﺑــﺮ ‪ 2‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴــﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﻘﺰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻣﻘﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﻫﻤﻪ ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺳــﻘﺰ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﺵﺗﺮ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻦ ﺑﻴﮕﻠﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺳﻘﺰ ﻭ ﺑﻮﻛﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺷــﻬﺮ ﺳــﻘﺰ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﻪ ‪ 22‬ﺳــﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥﻏﺮﺑﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺴــﺖ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮ ﻣﻰﺑﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺷــﺮﻭﻉ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳــﻔﺮ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻭﺩﮔﺎﻩ ﺍﺻﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﻤﻰﻛﻨﻢ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﻔﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺁ‪ .‬ﺗﻰ‪ .‬ﺁﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺣﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺼﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎﺭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﮕﻠــﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺒﻮﺏﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺯﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺗﺸــﻜﺮ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻢ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﮔﻼﻳﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺁﻗﺎﻯ ﺍﺧﻮﻧﺪﻯ ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺐﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺑﺮﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﻭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺳﻘﺰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺷــﻬﺎﺩﺕ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻢ ﺁﻗﺎﻯ ﺁﺧﻮﻧﺪﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻘﺐﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﻰﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺎﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺳــﻘﺰ ﻭ ﺑﻮﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴــﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺁﺧﻮﻧﺪﻯ ﻳﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﻰ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻﻭﻗﺖ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻜــﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺩﺍﻣــﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻛﺮﺩﺳــﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺁﺫﺭﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎﻥﻏﺮﺑﻰ ﻭ ﺷــﺮﻗﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺮﺍﻩ ﺳــﻘﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻮﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺯﻯ ﻃﻼﻳﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﺍﻧﻢ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺑﺎﺩﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﺳــﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﺪ ﺗﺸــﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ‪ 80‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻦ ﺭﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻌــﺎﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻳﺎﺑــﻰ ﻭ ﻓــﺮﻭﺵ ﺫﻭﺏﺁﻫﻦ ﺍﺻﻔﻬــﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫‪ 80‬ﻫــﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻦ ﺭﻳﻞ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺑــﻪ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ ﺧﺒﺮ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺫﻭﺏﺁﻫﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ ‪ 40‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻦ ﺭﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ‪ 40‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻦ ﺭﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺯﻳﺮﺑﻨﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﭘﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﺧﺒﺮﻯ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺳــﺎﺯﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺣﺴــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺷﺘﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺫﻭﺏﺁﻫﻦ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ ‪ 40‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻦ ﺭﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ‪ 40‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗُﻦ ﺭﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺯﻳﺮﺑﻨﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌــﺎﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺫﻭﺏﺁﻫﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﺎﺧﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﭘﺎﺭﻩﺍﻯ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺫﻭﺏﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﻞ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺭﺯﻯ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻳﺎﻟﻰ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻛﺮﺩﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻳﺎﺑــﻰ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺫﻭﺏﺁﻫﻦ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺘﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛــﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺷــﺘﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫــﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣــﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳــﻖ ﻓﺎﻳﻨﺎﻧﺲ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺗﻮﺍﻧــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻧﻘﺪﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋــﻪ ﺍﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﻧﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺭﻳﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺫﻭﺏﺁﻫﻦ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻣﺸــﻜﻞ ﻧﻘﺪﻯ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺭﻳﻞ ﻣﻠﻰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﻧﻘﺪﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺭﻳﻞﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻘﺪﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺗﺼﺮﻳــﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺫﻭﺏﺁﻫﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﮔﺸــﺎﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻳﻨﺎﻧﺲ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻯ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌــﺎﻭﻥ ﺫﻭﺏﺁﻫــﻦ ﺍﺻﻔﻬــﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴــﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺳــﻨﮕﻴﻨﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﻳﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻥ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﻧﻮﺭﺩ ﺭﻳﻞ ﻭ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸــﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺲ ﺷــﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺭﻳﻞ ﻣﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﻳــﻞ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺟﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳــﺎﻥ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺫﻭﺏﺁﻫﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﭘﻴــﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺫﻭﺏﺁﻫــﻦ ﺍﺻﻔﻬﺎﻥ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﻰ ‪3‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺗﻦ ﺭﻳﻞ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻑ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﻳﻞ ‪ 46E2‬ﻳﺎ ‪ U33‬ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺒﻮﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺸﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 15‬ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ ‪ 13 1396‬ﺫﻯﺍﻟﻘﻌﺪﻩ ‪ 6 1438‬ﺍﻭﺕ ‪ 2017‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 176‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2149‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺰﮔﺮﺩ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ« ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻃﻔﻠﻰ ‪60‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﺍﺑــﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 1327‬ﺑﻪﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺍﻳﻦﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻧﺪﻩ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺗــﺎ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻻﻳﺤــﻪ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻰ ﻣﺼﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺸﺘﻢ ﻓﺮﻭﺭﺩﻳﻦ ‪ 1343‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺲ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺗﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﺧﺮ ﺩﻫﻪ ‪ 40‬ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺘﻰ ﺟﺪﻯ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷــﺮﻭﻉ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻼﺗﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭘــﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﺗﻰ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺗﻰ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 1348‬ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺸــﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕﺮﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﻴــﺎﺕ ﻭﺯﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻧــﺎﻡ ﺩﻓﺘﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﺸــﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺗﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺑﺴــﺘﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ »ﺍﻃﻼﻋــﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ« ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩﻫــﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣــﻰ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺗﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺳﺴــﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻞ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻰ ﻋﻤﻮﻡ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﻛﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕﺮﺩﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﺸــﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮓ ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧــﺪ ﻭ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺗﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺳﺴــﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻰﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳـﺎﻝ ‪ 1345‬ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻰ ﻧﻔـﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﻣﻄﺒـﻮﻋﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻴـﻬﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻬــﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕــﺮﺩﻯ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺳﻴـﺲ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻋﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻳﻚﺳــﺎﻝ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺎﺡ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺻﺪ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﺠﻮ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﻍﺍﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴﻼﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺩﺑﻴـﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﻟﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻣﻮﺳﺴــﻪ ﻋﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺳﺴــﻪ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﺪﻯ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﻜﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1358‬ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ‪ 13‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﻜﺪﻩ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﺪﺭﻙ ﻟﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣــﺎ ﭘــﺲ ﺍﺯ ﭘـﻴــﺮﻭﺯﻯ ﺍﻧﻘــﻼﺏ ﺍﺳـــﻼﻣﻰ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻤــﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘـــﺪﺍ ﻣﺴــﺌـﻮﻟﻴﺖ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﭘـﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘــﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﺑــﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨــﺪﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫــﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺳﺴــﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﻝ ﻋﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸــﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺟﺮﻳــﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺳــﻴﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖﻫﺎ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻛــﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩﻣﺪﺕ ﻭ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪﺕ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻛﺎﺭﻣﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻓﺎﺗﺮ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﻟﺘـﻰ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺷــﺘﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺮﻭﺯﻯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻬﺮﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺁﻣــﻮﺯﺵ ﻋﺎﻟــﻰ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑــﻮﺩ ﺩﺭﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 1368‬ﺑــﺎ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺩﻟﺴــﻮﺯﺍﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺠﺪﺍﻧــﻪ ﻛﺎﻇــﻢ ﻣﻌﺘﻤﺪﻧــﮋﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺣﻤﻴــﺪ ﻧﻄﻘــﻰ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺷــﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﻜﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻼﻣــﻪ ﻃﺒﺎﻃﺒﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ﺁﻥ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﻜﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃــﺎﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸــﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻜﻪ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺁﻳﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﻓﺎﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1370‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﺁﻳﻴــﻦ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣــﻰ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﮔــﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺑــﻪ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣــﺪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﺟﻮﺍﻳﺰﻯ ﺍﻫﺪﺍ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺎﺳــﺖ ﺟﻬﻤﻮﺭﻯ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﺟﻮﺍﻳﺰ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﺷﻰ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺮﻓﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺣﺮﻓﻪ ﺣﺴــﺎﺱ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﮕﺮﻳﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 1363‬ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺷﺎﺩ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺳﻤﻴﻨﺎﺭﻯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰﻫــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺯﻳﺮﺑﻨﺎﻯ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﺣﻴﺎﺕ ﺁﻥ ﭘﻰﺭﻳﺰﻯ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴــﻦ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪1900‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻣﻔﻬــﻮﻡ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺼﺮ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﺎﺣﺐﻧﻈﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻥ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺭﻭﻟﺪ ﭼﺎﻳﻠﺪﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪1930‬ﻡ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯﻯ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻃﺮﺯ ﻓﻜﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﮕﺮﺵﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺟﻤﻌﻰ ﻭ ﺳــﻮﺩﺁﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩ ﺁﻥ ﺁﺷﺘﻰ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺯﮔﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻓﺮﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻡ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮓ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﺷــﻬﺎﺏ ﺳﻴﺪﻣﺤﺴــﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤــﺚ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺗﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺎﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻤﻰﺑﺮﻳﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﺠﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻭﺭﺷﻜﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺣﺬﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺻﺤﻨــﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻭ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻻﻳﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻴﮕﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣــﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻟــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑــﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥﻫﺎﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧــﺪ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛــﺰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯﺻﻨﻌﺘــﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥﺯﺩﺍﻳﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓــﻜﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧــﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺗﻰ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻰ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺁﮔﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻭﺭﺷﻜﺴــﺘﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻻﻳﻠﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻧﺪﺍﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰﻫﺎﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﺮﻑﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻧﺸﺴﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺩﮔﺮﺩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ ﺍﻣﻴﺮﺍﺣﻤﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻗﻮﺕ ﻭ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪car@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻭﻥﺭﻓﺖ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﭘﻞ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﻥ ﺑﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﻭﺍژﻩ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻰ ‪ public Relations‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩﺁﻫـﻦ ﺑﻪﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﺷـﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺷـﺮﻛﺖ ﻧﻔـﺖ ﺑﻪﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺩﻓﺘﺮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺷـﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷـﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻌﺎﺭﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻧﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳـﻮﻯ ﺻﺎﺣﺐﻧﻈﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺷـﺘﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺭﻛﺲ ﻫﺎﺭﻟﻮ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺸﻘﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺸـﻰ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻮﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ ﺧﻮﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻔﺎﻫﻢ ﻭ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻇﺎﻳﻒ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻰ ﻣﻤﺘﺪ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺡﺭﻳﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻣﻰﻛﻮﺷﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺗﻔﺎﻫﻢ ﻭ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺳﺮﻭﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺩﻩﺗﺮ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺩﻡ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻡ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪﺍﻳﻔﺎﻯ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻰﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺎﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﮔﺮﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ »ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ« ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺳﺲ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺷـﻤﻨﺪ ﺳـﻔﻴﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﺟﻮﺍﺩ ﻗﺎﺳﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺪﺷﻬﺎﺏ ﺳﻴﺪﻣﺤﺴـﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﻴﺪ ﺷـﻜﺮﻯﺧﺎﻧﻘﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﺍﻣﻴﺮﭘﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﺘﺒﻰ ﺁﻗﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻴﺎﻳﻰﺍﻳﻠﻪﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴـﻌﻮﺩﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺴـﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺒﺮﻧﮕﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﻥ ﻭ ﺧﺮﺩ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺷــﻤﻨﺪ ﺳﻔﻴﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﺩﺑﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺳﺨﻨﮕﻮﻯ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺳﺲ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ »ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ«‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻪ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﻃﻔﻮﻟﻴﺖ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺁﺭﺍﻡﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴــﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺐ ﻫﺴــﺘﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺘﻪﺍﻳﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻯ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﮔﺎﻡﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﻭﺑﻪﺭﻭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺁﻧﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 60‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤــﺮ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻰﮔﺬﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﻢ ﻗﺮﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﺷــﻨﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻭﻇﺎﻳﻒ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﺣﺮﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺩﻳﺪﮔﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺸــﺪﺩ ﺁﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻧﻬﺎﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﻪﺷﻜﻞ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﻯ ﻧﭙﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﺤﺚﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺗﺸــﻜﻞﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳــﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣــﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻳــﻰ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺷــﻜﻞ ﺟﺪﻯ ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺤﺚﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻴﺘــﻪ ﻣﺮﺑــﻮﻁ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳــﺖ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻋﻠــﻰ ﻣﺴــﻌﻮﺩﻯ ﺍﻳﺠــﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻃﺒﻴﻌــﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﮔــﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺗــﻰ ﺍﻧﺠــﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻳﻨــﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕﻫــﺎﻯ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑــﻰ ﺭﺥ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﮕﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺷــﻜﻞ ﻛﻼﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻣــﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴــﺘﺮ ﺭﻭﺍﺑــﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﻪﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺷــﻜﻮﻓﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳــﻔﻴﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺳــﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﺳــﺶ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺧﺎﺻﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﻼﺵ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﺖ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻣﺮﻯ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻣﺘﻮﻟﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺗﺼﺮﻳــﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﻣﺰﻳﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻧﻘﺶﺁﻓﺮﻳﻨﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻬﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺤــﺚ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﻪﻭﺳــﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺩﺭﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻭ ﭼﺸﻢ ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺩﻭﺵ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺑﻴﺮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺳــﺲ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻫﻰ ﺍﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣــﺮﺩﻡ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻫــﻰ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻃﻼﻉﺭﺳــﺎﻧﻰﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻌﺎﺭ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﻻﻯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺭﺳــﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﻰﺍﻓﺘﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﻫﺮﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻠﻘﻪﻫﺎ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺭﺳــﺖ ﺑﻪﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﻨﻨﺪ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺗﺪﻭﻳﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺷﻌﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺩﺳﺖ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳــﻔﻴﺪﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺨﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮ ﻟﻴﭙﻤﻦ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﻛــﺮﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻔــﺖ‪» :‬ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺍﻓــﻜﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺭﺳــﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﺑــﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ «.‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺭﺳــﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰﻫﺎ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪﻯﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﻣﻨﺪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺍﻭﻃﻠﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﺮﺩﺷــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒــﺎﻁ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻣــﺮﺩﻡ ﻭ ﺍﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻧــﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﻞ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻰ ﭘﺮﺭﻧﮓﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺐﭘﮋﻭﻫﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳــﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈــﻮﺭ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺧــﺎﺹ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧــﺪ؛ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻓــﻜﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻭ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺗﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺷــﻜﻞ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪﻣﺤﺴــﻨﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭ ﺷــﺪ‪ :‬ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺧﻤﻴﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺯﻳﺮﺑﻨﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺯﻳﺮﺑﻨﺎﻯ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣــﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻧﻘﺶﺁﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﮔــﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨــﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﺑﻴﻨﻴﻢ ﻛــﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴــﻌﻮﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻋﻀﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿــﻮﻉ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺻﺤﻴــﺢ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻰ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﻪﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺭﺗﺒــﺎﻁ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑــﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰﻫــﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﻗﻴﻖﺗﺮﻯ ﺷــﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﺵ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻌﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴــﻌﻮﺩﻯ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻣــﺮﻭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻳــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻧﺎﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﻓــﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﻰﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻭ ﺭﺳــﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺗﻼﺵ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﺩ ﻗﺎﺳــﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀــﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕﻣﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺍﻧﺠﻤــﻦ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻧﺸﺴــﺖ ﮔﻔــﺖ‪ :‬ﻫﺮﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺍﺷــﺘﻐﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻧﻘﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﻣﻮﺭﻯ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻉﺭﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﺍﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻞ ﻣﻨﻌﻜﺲ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪﺍﻳﻦﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺟﺎﻳــﮕﺎﻩ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﻮﺯﻩ ﺧــﻮﺩ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻀﻮ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺎﺕﻣﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺳﺘﻰ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻉﺭﺳﺎﻧﻰ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺳــﻤﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺷﺪﻥ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﺮﻓﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﻧﻘﺶﺁﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺸﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫‪ 15‬ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ ‪ 13 1396‬ﺫﻯﺍﻟﻘﻌﺪﻩ ‪ 6 1438‬ﺍﻭﺕ ‪ 2017‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 176‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2149‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﻧﻮ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻴﺮ ﺳﻴﻢﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺷﻴﺪ ﺷﻜﺮﺧﺪﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﺪﻯﻛﺎﻭﻩﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻌﻠﻰ ﻏﻴﺎﺛﻰ‬ ‫»ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ« ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﻛﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﻧﺪﻩ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺘﺮﺍ ﻣﻤﺴﻨﻰ‬ ‫‪car@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪﻯ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﺎﺛﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ ﭘﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺟــﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﺳــﻄﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺷــﺮﻳﻜﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸــﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻳﻜﺎﻥ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺖ ﻧﻔﺴﻰ ﺗﺎﺯﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻗﺪﻡﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻮﺍﺭﺗﺮﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧــﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻫﺪﻑﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺳــﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺧــﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﻛــﺮﺩ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻣــﺰﻩ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺗﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﭼﺸــﺎﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷــﺪ ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺭﺷﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎﻳــﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫــﻢ ﻭ ﺧﺪﺍﺣﺎﻓﻈﻰ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺳــﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﺁﻳــﺎ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﻫﻢ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺷــﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﭘﺮﺭﻧﮓ ﺣﻔــﻆ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ؟ ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧــﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻌــﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻈــﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘــﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻧــﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ ﺳــﺮﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻣــﺎ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺿـﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﻣﺤﻜـﻢﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫـﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻴﺮ ﺳــﻴﻢﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻋﻀﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻧﺪﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻃﻰ ﺷــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟــﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﺑــﺎ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴــﻴﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﻜﻢﺗﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ﻭ ﭘﻠﺘﻔــﺮﻡ ﺍﺩﺍﻣــﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻧﺘﻈــﺎﺭ ﻣــﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨــﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﻣﻮﻧﺘﺎژﻯ ﺟﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳــﻴﻢﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑــﺎ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻛﻤﻚﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺩﻭﺵ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩﻫﺎ )ﺳﺎﭘﻼﻳﺮﻫﺎ( ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻀــﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻰ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﭘﻼﻳﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺍﺟﺰﺍ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻰﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺟﺰﺋﻴــﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﭘﻼﻳﺮﻫﺎﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﮔﻤﺸﺪﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺧــﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﺎﭘﻼﻳﺮﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﻭ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﺭﺗﻘـﺎﻯ ﻳﻜﻨﻮﺍﺧﺖ ﻛﻴﻔﻴـﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺷــﻴﺪ ﺷــﻜﺮﺧﺪﺍﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻳﺐﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻫﻴــﺎﺕ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﻤــﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳــﺖ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭﻯ ‪ 3‬ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺟﺎﻳﺰﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻰ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺷﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺎﻳﺰﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻰ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻻﻥ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑــﺎ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺎﻳﺰﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﮔــﺰﺍﺭﺵ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﺮﺑــﻪ ‪ 3‬ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺑﺮﮔــﺰﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﺎﻳﺰﻩ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛــﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻳﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴــﺮﻯ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺭﺍ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺳﺮﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷــﻜﺮﺧﺪﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﺑﭙﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻩ ﺳــﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ‪ 51‬ﻋﺪﺩﻯ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ‪ IQS‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪95‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﻰ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﻴﻮﺏ ﻣﺸــﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫــﺎ ﺩﺭ ‪ 3‬ﻣﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﭘﺮﺷﻴﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﻰ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮﻳــﻦ ﮔــﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺷــﺎﺧﺺ ‪) IQS‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺍﻭﻟﻴــﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻋﻴﻮﺏ ﻣﺸــﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ‪ 100‬ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ‪ 90‬ﺭﻭﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻯ ﺻﻔﺮ( ﻳﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﻣﻨﺘﺸــﺮ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳــﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑــﻰ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﺗــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﺧــﻞ ﺟﺎﻳﺰﻩ ﻣﻠﻰ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ‪ 3‬ﺟﺎﻳﺰﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﻴﺘــﻪ ﺭﺍﻫﺒﺮﻯ ﺟﺎﻳﺰﻩ ﻣﻠﻰ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺳــﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣــﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓــﺮﻭﺵ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻭﻛﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ‪ 4‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻣــﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻳﺐ ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺩﻳﺮﻳﻨﻪ ﺷﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳــﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ‪ 4‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺣﺠــﻢ ﺗﻴﺮﺍژ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻴﺮﺍژ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﻚﺳــﻮ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘــﺎﻯ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻮﻯ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳــﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻮﺭﺍ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻭﺯﻳــﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻛﻨﺘــﺮﻝ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷــﻜﺮﺧﺪﺍﻳﻰ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭ ﺷﺪ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰﻫﺎ ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺠﻴــﺮﻩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻳﻜﻨﻮﺍﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻗﻄﻌﻪﺳﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣــﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺗﺒﻪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻳﻜﻨﻮﺍﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﻰ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪93 ،92‬‬ ‫ﻭ ‪ 94‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴــﺐ ‪ 460 ،528‬ﻭ ‪ 432‬ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﺑﻪ ‪ 381‬ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 95‬ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 94‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ‬ ‫‪ 51‬ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪96‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺳــﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﻧﺰﻭﻟﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺳــﻌﻠﻰ ﻏﻴﺎﺛــﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺑﻴــﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﻤــﻦ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺪﻣــﺎﺕ ﭘــﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺕ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺗــﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻰﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻧﺴــﺒﻰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑــﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻯ ﺑﭙــﺮﺩﺍﺯﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺁﺳﻴﺐﭘﺬﻳﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻣــﻰﺭﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳــﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳــﻔﺎﺭﺵ ﻭ ﺩﺧﺎﻟﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺎﺛــﻰ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘــﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻥ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺳــﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻗﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻨﺲ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻯ ﻛــﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻒ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﻋﻬﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺧﺎﺻﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﻋﻼﻗﻪﻣﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺑﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺷــﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ‪ 1404‬ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺳــﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺑــﺎﺭ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓــﺖ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺩﺳــﺖ ﻛﻢ ‪5‬‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺍﺳــﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﻜــﻪ ﺗﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﻰﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻣﻰﺭﻭﺩ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻭ ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺎﺛﻰ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭ ﺷﺪ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﺧــﺎﺹ ﻭ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑــﺎ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴــﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨــﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﻢ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺟﻠﺐ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﺭ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎﮔﺰﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳــﻦ ﻛﺴــﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺑﻴﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺧــﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌــﺪﻥ ﻭ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺕ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻭﻳﮋﻩﺍﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺷﺪ ‪24‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ‪24‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫‪ 103‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ‪ 20‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ‪127‬‬ ‫ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ‪ 709‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺟﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺳــﻮﺍﺭﻯ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ‪26‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ‪ 95‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ‪ 434‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ‪ 120‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ‪ 212‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻭﺍﻧﺖ ‪0/5‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ‪ 6325‬ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ‪ 6359‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺧﻼﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻭﻥ ﻛﺎﻫﺸــﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑــﺎ ﺍﻓﺖ ‪15‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ‪ 60‬ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ‪ 51‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻴﻨﻰﺑﻮﺱ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺪﻝﺑﺎﺱ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﺖ ‪5/8‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ‪ 86‬ﺩﺳــﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺮ ‪ 1395‬ﺑﻪ ‪ 81‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺭﺳﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧــﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﺗﻮﺑﻮﺱ ﺻﻌﻮﺩﻯ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺭﺷــﺪ ‪50/9‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪﻯ ﺍﺯ ‪ 110‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ‪ 166‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﺍﻧــﻮﺍﻉ ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻧــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻣﻴﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻛﺸــﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫‪16/4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ‪ 1005‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮ‬ ‫‪ 1395‬ﺑﻪ ‪ 840‬ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺵ ﻣﻌﻜﻮﺱ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳــﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻙ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠــﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺭﻧﻮﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﻀﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪ .‬ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻭ ﺍﮔﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ ﺧﺒﺮﻯ ﻋﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺧــﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﮔﻔﺖﻭﮔﻮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺁﺧﺮﻳــﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻧﻮ ﻭ ﻣﺴــﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺟﻮﻳﺎ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺧﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﻣﻀﺎﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻧﻮﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴـﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﭼـﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪﺍﻯ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺗـﺎ ﭼﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻀﺎﻯ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ؟‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻣﺮﺍﺣــﻞ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻰ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺳــﭙﺮﻯ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﮔﻤﺎﻧﻪﺯﻧﻰﻫﺎﻳـﻰ ﺩﺭﺑـﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﻻﻳﻞ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﺷـﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻗـﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﻰﺷـﻮﺩ؛ ﭼﺎﻧﻪﺯﻧﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺳـﺮ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺪ ﺭﻧﻮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺳـﻬﺎﻡ ﺑﻦ ﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺳﻬﺎﻡ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺸـﺘﺮﻙ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﭼﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸــﻜﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﻴــﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻳــﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺪ ﺭﻧﻮ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﺳــﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴــﻮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ‪ ...‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻧﻪﺯﻧﻰ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺭﻧﻮﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻙ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺳــﺮ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻳﻚ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻮﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻧﻮ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﺒﺎﺭﻩ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺭﺍ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺯﻭﺩﺗﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺴــﺌﻮﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻧﻮ ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻥ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ‬ ‫ﺳـﻬﺎﻡ ﺑﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺍﻳﺪﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻧﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴـﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰ ﺷـﺪﻥ ﻭ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﻭﻃﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﻰﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺣﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻠﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺳﻬﺎﻡ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻳﻌﻨﻰ ﺳـﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻳﻮﻥ ﺳـﺎﻳﭙﺎ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳـﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺴـﺘﺮﺵ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻪﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺳﻬﺎﻡ ﺑﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺳﺎﻳﭙﺎ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺭﻭﺯ ﮔﺬﺷـﺘﻪ ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻰ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺗﻤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻗـﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪ ﺗﻨـﺪﺭ ‪ 90‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻧـﻮ ﺑﺎ ﺷـﺮﻳﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺮﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻮﻯ ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻴﺮﺍژ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺖ ﺷـﺮﻳﻜﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕﺷـﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ ﺣﺪ ﺻﺤﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬ ‫ﻫﻴﭻ ﻣﺸــﻜﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻤﺪﻳﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺗــﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﻨﺪﺭ‪90‬‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻜﺬﻳﺐ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻢ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥﻃﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺭﻧﻮ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﻧﻮ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﻨﺪﺭ‪ 90‬ﻭﻓﺎﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺪﺕ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ ﺭﻧﻮ ﺑﺎ ﺷـﺮﻳﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﻨﺪﺭ‪ 90‬ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺳـﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﺷﻮﺩ؟‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺕ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺭﻧﻮ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﭙﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﻨﺪﺭ‪90‬‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻳﻚ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﻯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﺳــﺎﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ ﺷــﺮﻳﻜﺎﻥ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺴﺖﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻰ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺗﻤﺪﻳﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻠﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺎﺩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﻩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﻳﻌﻨـﻰ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺬﺷـﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 10‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺗﻨﺪﺭ ‪ 90‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻯ ﺩﻳﮕـﺮﻯ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ؟‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻣﻰﮔﻴﺮﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻯ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﭼﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﺴــﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺒﺎﻝ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﻨﺪﺭ ‪ 90‬ﺟﺰﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺶ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻗﺒﺎﻝ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻳﭙﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒــﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻧﻮﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴــﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺩﺭﺳﺘﻰ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺳﺮﻧﻮﺷﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭼﺎﺭﭼﻮﺏ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻧﻮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺎﻫﻢ ﺑﺮﺳﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺑـﺎ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰﺳـﺎﺯﻯ ‪ 60‬ﺩﺭﺻـﺪﻯ ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻯ ﺗﻨـﺪﺭ‪ 90‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳـﺎﺱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻡ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰﺳـﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻨـﺪ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ؟‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭﻯ ﺗﻨﺪﺭ‪90‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴــﻦ ﺭﻧﻮ ﻭ ﺷــﺮﻳﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧــﻰ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻰ ﺷــﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻗﻄﻌــﺎﺕ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﺩﺭﻭ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 70‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 80‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺸﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫‪ 15‬ﻣﺮﺩﺍﺩ ‪1396‬‬ ‫‪ 13‬ﺫﻯﺍﻟﻘﻌﺪﻩ ‪1438‬‬ ‫‪ 6‬ﺍﻭﺕ ‪2017‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﺴﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻬﻢ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ 176‬ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻰ ‪2149‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺧﻼﻕ ﺣﺮﻓﻪﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﮕﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫‪www.smtnews.ir/about.html :‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ‪ :‬ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺎﺗﻰ»‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﻧﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻤﻬﺮ‬ ‫«‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﺩﻫﺸﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺩﺑﻴﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﺠﺘﺒﻰ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪ - 82190 :‬ﻧﻤﺎﺑﺮ‪ -88713730 :‬ﭘﻴﺎﻣﻚ‪ -300082190 :‬ﭘﻴﺎﻣﮕﻴﺮ ﺻﻮﺗﻰ‪88105304 :‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﮔﻬﻰﻫﺎ‪ - 88722732-3 :‬ﻧﻤﺎﺑﺮﺁﮔﻬﻰ ﻫﺎ‪88109733 :‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﻴﻦ‪ - 88722735 :‬ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪88105309 :‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪88724211 :‬‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻰ‪ :‬ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﺎﻧﻰ‪ -‬ﻛﻮﭼﻪ ﺁﺯﺍﺩﮔﺎﻥ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪26‬‬ ‫ﻛﺪ ﭘﺴﺘﻰ ‪1586733811‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻰ‪pr@smtnews.ir:‬‬ ‫ﺁﮔﻬﻰ‪ads@smtnews.ir :‬‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎ‪ostanha@smtnews.ir :‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎﭘﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪ :‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﭼﺎپ ﺭﻭﺍﻕ ﺭﻭﺷﻦﻣﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪www.sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫‪http://telegram.me/sanatnewspaper‬‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻏﻴﺮﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻧﻰ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺗﻮﻥ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻣﻴﻦ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﺩﺍ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﮔﺎﻟﻮگ ﺳﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺷﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺯﺑﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻭﺗﺎﻭﺍﺳــﻴﺘﻴﺰﻥ‪ ،‬ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ‪7/6‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﺩﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪2016‬ﻣﻴــﻼﺩﻯ)‪ (1395‬ﺯﺑﺎﻧﻰ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴــﻰ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴــﻮﻯ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨــﺰﻝ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪1380‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ‬ ‫)‪2011‬ﻣﻴــﻼﺩﻯ( ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﻣــﺎﺭ ‪14/5‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑــﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻴــﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺯﺑﺎﻧﻪﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻰ‪-‬ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻮﻯ ﺷﻬﺮﻭﻧﺪﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﺩﺍﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪2015‬ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪18‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴــﺰﺍﻥ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴــﻮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪2016‬ﻣﻴــﻼﺩﻯ‪21/3 ،‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪1396‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ )‪2011‬ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻯ(‪22 ،‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺷﻬﺮﻭﻧﺪﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﺒﻚ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ‪78/4‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ‪ 5‬ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺷــﻬﺮﻭﻧﺪﺍﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴــﻮﻯ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ‪79/7‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﮔﺎﻟﻮگ ﺳﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﺩﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪1389‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ )‪2011‬ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻯ(‪،‬‬ ‫‪35‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻋﺮﺑﻰ )‪30‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ(‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺭﺳــﻰ‬ ‫)‪26/7‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ(‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺪﻯ )‪26/1‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ( ﻭ ﺍﺭﺩﻭ )‪25‬ﺩﺭﺻﺪ( ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪228‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ‪ 770‬ﺷــﻬﺮﻭﻧﺪ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﺩﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪1395‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ )‪2016‬ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻯ( ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺰﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﻣﻰ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﺮﺩﻧــﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ ‪ 213‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ‪ 230‬ﻧﻔﺮﺷــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻳــﻚ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺭﻯ ﺑﻮﻣﻰ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺷــﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻧﺸــﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻯ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﻣﻰ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻳﺎﺩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺷﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻣﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻴﻨﻚ ﺁﻓﺘﺎﺑﻰ‬ ‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺳﺴــﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﻟﺴﺮﻭﻫﻪ )‪Karlsruhe Institute‬‬ ‫‪ (of Technology‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻋﻴﻨﻚ ﺁﻓﺘﺎﺑﻰ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺷــﻴﺪﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺴــﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺳــﺎﺧﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻴﻨﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺭﺷــﻴﺪﻯ ﺍﺭﮔﺎﻧﻴﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻯ ﺳﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﻴﻠﻴﻜﻮﻧﻰ ﺳﻨﺘﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺷــﻔﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﻌﻄﺎﻑﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻭ ﺳﺒﻚ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻜﻞﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺭﻧﮓﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪﻯ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫‪ 6‬ﮔﺮﻡ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ‪ 1/6‬ﻣﻴﻠﻰﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳــﻠﻮﻝﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻨﻚﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻓﺘﺎﺑﻰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷــﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﺮﻳﻢﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴــﻦ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﻗﻄﻌــﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻰ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻳــﻚ ﺭﻳﺰﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﻧﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺴــﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸــﮕﺮ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻟﻨﺰﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻴﻨﻚ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺷــﺪﺕ ﺭﻭﺷــﻨﺎﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺩﻣﺎﻯ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻧــﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺮﻭﺩﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨــﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻴﻨﻚﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻮﺭ ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺧﻮﺭﺷــﻴﺪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﺮﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻟﻨﺰﻫﺎ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 200‬ﻣﮕﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺷــﻨﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻰﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﭼﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﺮﺳــﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﺩﻫﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻤﻌﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻡﺷــﻤﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻨﺠﺮﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﻣﻰﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﺭ ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﺑﻬﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺯﮔﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ‪ Energy Technology‬ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻛﻼﻩ ﺿﺪﮔﻠﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺩﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻳﻰ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴــﺰﺍﺕ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻼﻩ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺿﺪﮔﻠﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺩﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺐ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺷﻤﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺷــﻤﻨﺪ ﺭﺩﻳﺎﺏ ﺭﻭﻧﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔــﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺩﻳﻠﻰﻣﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻛﻼﻩ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻰ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻰ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻡ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻠﺴــﻠﻪ ﻓﻴﻠﻢﻫﺎﻯ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺳــﺘﺎﺭﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﻛﻼﻩ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﻑ ﻛﻮﻻﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﮔﻠﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻼﻩ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﮔﻠﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﺳﻠﺤﻪ ﻛﻼﺷﻴﻨﻜﻒ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻚ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺷــﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻰ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻛﻼﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻰﻣﺪﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺟﻨﮓ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻼﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺷﻤﻦ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺸــﺨﻴﺺ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻼﻩ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﺳﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻖ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﺩﻳﺪ ﻭ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﻮﺍﺝ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖﻳﺎﺏ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫‪industry@sanatnewspaper.com‬‬ ‫‪ 87‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺶ ‪ 13‬ﻣﻬﺮ »ﻧﻴﻞ ﺁﺭﻣﺴــﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ« ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﺮ ﻗﻤﺮ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺁﻣﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﻞ ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ‪ ،‬ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﺭﻳﺖ »ﺁﭘﻮﻟﻮ ‪ 29 «11‬ﺗﻴﺮ ‪ 1348‬ﻫﺠﺮﻯ ﺷﻤﺴــﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﻛﺮﻩ ﻣﺎﻩ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺩ ﺩﺭ ‪ 13‬ﻣﻬﺮ ‪1309‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺁﻣﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﻓﻀﺎﻧــﻮﺭﺩ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ )ﻧﺎﺳــﺎ(‪ ،‬ﺧﻠﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﻫﻮﺍﻓﻀﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳــﺘﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺧﻠﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻴــﺮﻭﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳــﻰ ﺍﻳﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﺘﺤﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻨﮓ ﻛﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻧﻴﻞ ﺁﺭﻣﺴــﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﻩ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﻧﻮﺭﺩﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﻴــﺮﻭﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻳــﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﺘﺤﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﮓ‪ ،‬ﺁﺭﻣﺴــﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺧﻠﺒﺎﻥ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺭﺍﻳﺰﻧﻰ ﻣﻠﻰ ﻫﻮﺍﻧﻮﺭﺩﻯ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ‪ 900‬ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﻙ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪1341‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﺳﺎ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﺳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻴﻨﺎﻯ‬ ‫‪ 8‬ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪1345‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ ﺑــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑــﻪ ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﻏﻴﺮﻧﻈﺎﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻳﻰ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻀﺎ ﺳــﻔﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﺭﻳﺖ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻭ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻓﻀﺎﭘﻴﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ ﻓﻀﺎﭘﻴﻤﺎﻯ ﺳﺮﻧﺸــﻴﻦﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﺩﻳﻮﻳﺪ ﺍﺳــﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﻭﻣﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻭ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﭘﻮﻟﻮ ‪ 11‬ﻭ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﺭﻳﺖ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺳــﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺩﻭﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﺪﺭﻳﻦ ‪ 29‬ﺗﻴﺮ ‪1348‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦﺑﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﺮﻩ ﻣﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺩ ﺁﻣﺪ‪ .‬ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﻭ ﺁﻟﺪﺭﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﺮﻩ ﻣﺎﻩ ﮔﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫‪ 2‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻴﻢ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻛﺎﻭﺵ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ؛ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﻴﻨﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻔﻴﻨﻪ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺁﻟﺪﺭﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻟﻴﻨﺰ ﻣﺪﺍﻝ ﺁﺯﺍﺩﻯ ﺭﻳﺎﺳــﺖﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﭽﺎﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﻜﺴــﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﺍﻝ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﻨﮕﺮﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﻴﺲﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻯ ﺟﻴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺗﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪1356‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺍﻝ ﻃﻼﻯ ﻛﻨﮕﺮﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪1388‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ ﺍﻫﺪﺍ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻴﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﻜﺎﺗﻠﻨﺪﻯ‪ -‬ﺍﻳﺮﻟﻨﺪﻯ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻤﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺪﺕ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﻋﻼﻗﻪ ﺩﺍﺷــﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺩﺭ ‪15‬‬ ‫ﺳــﺎﻟﮕﻰ ﺷــﺮﻭﻉ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺎﺩﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺩﺭﺱ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻮﺍﻫﻴﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﮔﻮﺍﻫﻴﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﺍﻧﻨﺪﮔﻰ ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﭘﺴﺮﻯ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺭﺗﺒﻪ ﻋﻘﺎﺏ ﺩﻳﺪﻩﺑﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪1326‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ‪ ،‬ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺍﻓﻀــﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﭘﺮﺩﻳﻮ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻛــﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺳﺴــﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻯ ﻣﺎﺳﺎﭼﻮﺳﺖ )‪ (MIT‬ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳــﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻭ ﻣﻰﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺖ )ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﻧﺶﺁﻣﻮﺧﺘﻪ ‪MIT‬‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ( ﺁﺭﻣﺴــﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﮔﻔﺘﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻛﻪ »ﻟﺰﻭﻣﻰ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ ﭘــﺮﻭﺭﺵ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺗﻤــﺎﻡ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﺒﺮﻳﺞ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺳﺎﭼﻮﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﭙﻴﻤﺎﻳﺪ« ﺍﺯ ﺛﺒﺖﻧﺎﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﺮﻑ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﻞ ﻟﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻰ ﻫﻮﺍﻧﻮﺭﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪1334‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﭘﺮﺩﻳــﻮ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺎﺭﻍﺍﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴﻠﻰ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﺯﺩﻭﺍﺝ ﻧﺪﺍﺷــﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ‪ 4‬ﺳــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺖ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻫﻮﺍﻧﻮﺭﺩﻯ ﻣﺘﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺁﺭﻣﺴــﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫‪1349‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﻛﺎﻟﻴﻔﺮﻧﻴﺎﻯ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺷﺪ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻰ ﻫﻮﺍﻓﻀﺎﻯ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﺩﻛﺘﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺘﺨﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﺴــﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻴﭻ ﻟﺤﻈﻪﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺁﺭﻣﺴــﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺍﻭ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﻧﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪1337‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﻯ‬ ‫‪ Soonset‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣــﻪ ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻯ ﻫﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﺍﻳﺎﻻﺕ ﻣﺘﺤﺪﻩ ﺍﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻮﺍﻣﺒﺮ ‪1339‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ‪،‬ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸــﻰ ‪ Dyna-Soar X20‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤــﺎﻯ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻰ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ‪ 14‬ﺍﺳــﻔﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪1340‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ‪ ،‬ﺍﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ‪ 6‬ﺧﻠﺒﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻮﺍﭘﻴﻤﺎﻯ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﭘــﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﮔــﺮﻭﻩ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻓﻀﺎﻧﻮﺭﺩﺍﻥ ﻧﺎﺳــﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺁﭘﻮﻟﻮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻫﻴﺠﺎﻥﺯﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻳﻚ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫‪ 11‬ﺧﺮﺩﺍﺩ ‪ 1341‬ﻭﻯ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻓﻀﺎﭘﻴﻤﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻧﺸــﻴﻦﺩﺍﺭ ﺷــﺪ‪ 29 .‬ﺷــﻬﺮﻳﻮﺭ ‪ ،1344‬ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﻠﺒﺎﻥ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﻭ ﺩﻳﻮﻳﺪ ﺍﺳﻜﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﻠﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻴﻨﻪ ﺟﻤﻴﻨﺎﻯ ‪ 8‬ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺷﺪ‪ 25 .‬ﺍﺳﻔﻨﺪ ‪ ،1344‬ﺟﻤﻴﻨﺎﻯ‬ ‫‪ 8‬ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧــﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺎ ﺳــﻔﻴﻨﻪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻧﺸــﻴﻦ ﺁﺟﻴﻨﺎ )‪ (Agena‬ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺍﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﺭﺩﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﺟﻤﻴﻨﺎﻯ‬ ‫‪ 8‬ﺑــﺎ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻴﻨﺎﻯ ‪ 8‬ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺮﻋﺖ ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﭼﺮﺧﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻧــﻮﺭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﻯ )‪ (OAMS‬ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﭘﻴﻤﺎﻯ ﺟﻤﻴﻨﺎﻯ ‪ 8‬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﺸــﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳــﻚ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻛﻨﺘــﺮﻝ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﺭﻳﺖ ﻗﺒﻠﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﻧﻮﺭﺩﺍﻥ ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﺟﻤﻴﻨﺎﻯ ‪ 8‬ﻭ ﺁﺟﻴﻨﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻢ ﺟﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﭼﺮﺧﻴﺪﻥ ﺳــﻔﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻧﺸﺪ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺘﺶ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻰﭼﺮﺧﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺳــﻔﻴﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﻜﻠﻰ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺳــﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ )‪ (RCS‬ﻭ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ )‪ (OAMS‬ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻓﻀﺎﻧﻮﺭﺩﺍﻥ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺟﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺠﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺁﺭﻣﺴــﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺩﺭ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﺭﻳــﺖ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻨﺎﻯ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻥ ﺟﻤﻴﻨﺎﻯ ‪ 11‬ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻰ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻨﺎﻯ‬ ‫‪ 11‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳــﺦ ‪ 21‬ﺷــﻬﺮﻳﻮﺭ ‪ 1345‬ﺑــﻪ ﻓﻀﺎ ﭘﺮﺗﺎﺏ ﺷــﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﺭﻳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻴﺪ‪ 29 .‬ﺗﻴﺮ‬ ‫‪،1348‬ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﻓﻀﺎﭘﻴﻤﺎﻯ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ‪ 20:17:39‬ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻓﺮﻭﺩ ﺁﻣﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻓﻀﺎﭘﻴﻤﺎ‪ 5 ،‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 10‬ﺳــﺎﻧﺘﻰﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻓﺮﻭ ﺭﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﻀﺎﻧﻮﺭﺩﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺁﻣــﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻰ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺮﻋﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﺮﻭﺩ ﺩﺭﻳﭽﻪ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺮﺩﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺭﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻚ ﻗﺪﻡ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪» :‬ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻻ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻗﺪﻡ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻫﺴﺘﻢ‪«.‬‬ ‫ﺳــﭙﺲ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﮔﺬﺍﺷــﺘﻦ ﭘﺎﻫﺎﻳﺶ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺳــﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻧﻴﻞ ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ‪ 30‬ﺗﻴﺮ ‪ 1348‬ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫‪ 02:56‬ﺩﻗﻴﻘــﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻳــﻚ ﻟﺤﻈــﻪ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻰ‪ ،‬ﭘــﺎﻯ ﭼﭙﺶ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻯ ﻣﺎﻩ ﮔﺬﺍﺷــﺖ‪ .‬ﻭﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﮔﻔﺖ؛‬ ‫»ﺍﻳــﻦ ﮔﺎﻣﻰ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺸــﻰ ﺑﺰﺭگ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺸــﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﺳــﺖ«‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎﻣﻮﺭﻳــﺖ ﺁﭘﻮﻟﻮ ‪ ،11‬ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫‪ 5‬ﻋﻜﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻜﺲ‬ ‫ﺁﭘﻮﻟﻮ ‪ 11‬ﻋﻜﺴﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻛﻼﻩ ﺁﻟﺪﺭﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣــﺎﻝ ﭘﻴــﺎﺩﻩﺭﻭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﭘــﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻰ‪ ،‬ﺁﺭﻣﺴــﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﺭﺍ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑــﺮﺍﻯ ﻗــﺪﻡ ﺯﺩﻥ‪ 59 ،‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﭘﻴﻤﺎ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎﺩﺑﻮﺩ ﻓﻀﺎﻧﻮﺭﺩﺍﻥ ﻣﺮﺣﻮﻡ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺷﻮﺭﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨــﺪ ﻳﻮﺭﻯ ﮔﺎﮔﺎﺭﻳــﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻﺩﻳﻤﻴﺮ ﻛﻮﻣــﺎﺭﻭ ﻭ ﻓﻀﺎﻧﻮﺭﺩﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻮﻡ ﺁﭘﻮﻟﻮ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﻀﺎﻧﻮﺭﺩﺍﻥ ﺁﭘﻮﻟﻮ ‪ ،11‬ﻓﻘﻂ ‪2:31:40‬‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺭﺍﻫﭙﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﭙﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩﺗﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﭙﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻫﭙﻴﻤﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣــﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻓﻀﺎﻧﻮﺭﺩﺍﻥ ﺁﭘﻮﻟــﻮ ‪ 17‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﻓﻀﺎﻧﻮﺭﺩﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 22‬ﺳــﺎﻋﺖ ﺻﺮﻑ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻰ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻧﺎﺳــﺎ‪ ،‬ﺭﺩﭘﺎﻯ ﺁﺭﻣﺴــﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺪﺕﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﺪ ﭼﺮﺍﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﺍﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺩ ﻧﻤﻰﻭﺯﺩ‪ ،‬ﺁﺏ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺁﺗﺸﻔﺸﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻗﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﺁﺑﺎﻥ ‪ 1348‬ﻧﻴﻞ ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺁﺩﺭﻳﻦ ﺁﻟﺪﺭﻳﻦ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻳــﻜﻞ ﻛﺎﻟﻴﻨﺰ ﻭ ﻳــﻚ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ‪ 30‬ﻧﻔــﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻀﺎﻧﻮﺭﺩﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺁﻣﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺁﺭﻣﺴــﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺳــﻔﺮ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﺷــﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ‪ 4‬ﺁﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪1391‬ﻩ‪.‬ﺵ ﻧﻴﻞ ﺁﺭﻣﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﮓ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻦ ‪ 82‬ﺳﺎﻟﮕﻰ ﺩﺭﮔﺬﺷﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻫﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﻬﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺡ‪ :‬ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﺘﻰ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﺤﻰ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ‪ :‬ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﺰﺍﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺒﻊ‪ :‬ﺑﺎﺷﮕﺎﻩ ﺧﺒﺮﻧﮕﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺟﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻴﺮ ﺧﺠﺴﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﻴﺲ ﻓﺮﺍﻛﺴﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺭﺯﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻔﺎﺳﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻭ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺻــﻼﺡ ﺳــﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻜﻰ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻰ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻫﻰﻫــﺎﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻫﺘﻤــﺎﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺩﺍﺧﻠــﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺟــﺪﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ ﻛﺎﻻ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺯ ﺑﺎﻳــﺪ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻠﻰ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ‪ .‬ﻣــﺮﺩﻡ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨــﻪ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫــﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﻠﮕﺮﺍ ﻭ ﺑﻰﺣﺎﺷــﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻓﻜﺮ ﻭ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﻠﮕﺮﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺗﺤــﻮﻻﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷــﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺳــﻼﻣﺖ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﻓﺎﻉ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻓﺎﻋﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻫﻢﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺟﺰﻭ ‪5‬‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺷﻜﻰ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷــﻜﻮﻓﺎﻳﻰ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻰ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻜﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺯﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻴﺸﺖ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺧﻄﺮﭘﺬﻳــﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻫﺮ ﻭﺯﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮﺍﻳﺸــﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﺩﻭﻟــﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻤﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺁ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﮔــﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻤﻨــﺪ ﻭ ﻗﻮﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺴﺎﻁ ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﭼﻴﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺒﺎﺯ ﺣﺴﻦﭘﻮﺭﺑﻴﮕﻠﺮﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﻀــﻮ ﻛﻤﻴﺴــﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﺿﻤــﻦ ﻟــﺰﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺁﺳﺎﻥﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﻭﺍﻗﻌــﻰ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺗﺎﻛﻴــﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﮔﻔﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺧــﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻛﻮﺩ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻰ ﺟﺬﺏ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻨﮕﻰﻫﺎﻯ ﺳﺮﮔﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺻﻌﻮﺩﻯ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﻥ ﺷــﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻰ ﺑــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﻭﻧﻖ ﺑــﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻰ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺭﺷــﺪ ﻣﺘــﻮﺍﺯﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻳﻰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺴــﻜﻦ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻯ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ ﻳﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴــﺖ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﻧﺴﺒﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧــﺪ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻤﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪4‬ﺳــﺎﻝ ﺁﻳﻨــﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻄﻰ ﺭﺍ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻯ ﺟﺬﺏ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺑــﺮ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﺳــﻮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺷــﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺑﻮﺭﺳــﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭ ﺷــﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺭﺱ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻭ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻰ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳــﺘﺎﻧﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳــﻌﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺳــﺨﻨﮕﻮﻯ ﻛﻤﻴﺴــﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌــﺎﺩﻥ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻰ ﮔﻔــﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑــﺎ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰﺳﺎﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴــﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺳــﺘﻰ ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺩﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖﻫﺎﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﻫﺒــﺮ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺳــﺖﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﺻﻞ ‪44‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻯ ﺍﻓــﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳــﻦﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﺍﺻﻄــﻼﺡ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻰﺳــﺎﺯﻯﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺮﺧﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫــﺎﻯ ﺻﻨﻌﺘــﻰ ﺍﺯ ﻳــﻚ ﻧﻬﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺳــﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺩﻳﮕــﺮ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳــﺨﻨﮕﻮﻯ ﻛﻤﻴﺴــﻴﻮﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻳــﻊ ﻭ ﻣﻌــﺎﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﺷــﻮﺭﺍﻯ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻰ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻰﺍﻋﺘﻤــﺎﺩﻯ ﺑــﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻــﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺩﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻭﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧــﺪﺍﺯﻯ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬